Nathan R Beshai Week 6

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Nathan R. Beshai

Course assignments

  1. Week 1
  2. Week 2
  3. Week 3
  4. Week 4
  5. Week 5
  6. Week 6
  7. Week 7
  8. Week 8
  9. Week 9
  10. Week 10
  11. Week 11
  12. Week 12
  13. Week 14

Individual journal assignments

  1. Nathan R Beshai Week 2
  2. Nathan R Beshai Week 3
  3. Nathan R Beshai Week 4
  4. Nathan R Beshai Week 5
  5. Nathan R Beshai Week 6
  6. Nathan R Beshai Week 7
  7. Nathan R Beshai Week 8
  8. Nathan R Beshai Week 9
  9. Nathan R Beshai Week 10
  10. Nathan R Beshai Week 11
  11. The D614G Research Group Week 12
  12. The D614G Research Group Week 14

Class Journals

  1. Class Journal 1
  2. Class Journal 2
  3. Class Journal 3
  4. Class Journal 4
  5. Class Journal 5
  6. Class Journal 6
  7. Class Journal 7
  8. Class Journal 8
  9. Class Journal 9
  10. Class Journal 10
  11. Class Journal 11
  12. Class Journal 12
  13. Class Journal 14

Link to Brightspace and LMU's Homepage

  1. Link to Brightspace
  2. Link to LMU's Homepage

Purpose

To see how closely related species' ACE2 sequences that are more compatible with the 2019-nCoV spike protein are, to see how well conserved the necessary human ACE2 amino acid residues are across the species' sequence, and to see if any of the human 5 amino acid residues that bind to the 2019-nCoV spike protein are necessary for the ACE2 function and structure.

Methods and results

1. Searched and collected the ACE-2 protein sequences from UniProt and if they were not available collected the sequences from the NCBI database.


1.Went to UniProt and copied the ACE-2 sequence for the Pig (unreviewed). 

>tr|A0A220QT48|A0A220QT48_PIG Angiotensin-converting enzyme OS=Sus scrofa domesticus OX=9825 GN=ACE2 PE=2 SV=1
MSGSFWLLLSLIPVTAAQSTTEELAKTFLEKFNLEAEDLAYQSSLASWNYNTNITDENIQ
KMNDARAKWSAFYEEQSRIAKTYPLDEIQTLILKRQLQALQQSGTSGLSADKSKRLNTIL
NTMSTIYSSGKVLDPNNPQECLVLEPGLDEIMENSKDYSRRLWAWESWRAEVGKQLRPLY
EEYVVLENEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEVTGTGDYDYSRNQLMEDVERTFAEIKPLYEHL
HAYVRAKLMDAYPSRISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFGEKPSIDVTEAMVNQ
SWDAIRIFEEAEKFFVSIGLPNMTQGFWNNSMLTEPGDGRKVVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRIKM
CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAIQPYLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPHYLKA
LGLLPPDFYEDSETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEQWMQKWWEM
KREIVGVVEPLPHDETYCDPACLFHVAEDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFHEALCRTAKHEGPLY
KCDISNSTEAGQKLLQMLSLGKSEPWTLALENIVGVKTMDVKPLLSYFEPLLTWLKAQNG
NSSVGWNTDWTPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGKEAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSIAYAMRNYFSSAKN
ETIPFGAEDVWVSDLKPRISFNFFVTSPANMSDIIPRSDVEKAISMSRSRINDAFRLDDN
TLEFLGIQPTLGPPDEPPVTVWLIIFGVVMGLVVVGIVVLIFTGIRDRRKKKQASSEENP
YGSMDLSKGESNSGFQNGDDIQTSF

2.Went to NCBI and copied the ACE-2 sequence for the Ferrat. 

>BAE53380.1 angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 [Mustela putorius furo]
MLGSSWLLLSLAALTAAQSTTEDLAKTFLEKFNYEAEELSYQNSLASWNYNTNITDENIQKMNIAGAKWS
AFYEEESQHAKTYPLEEIQDPIIKRQLRALQQSGSSVLSADKRERLNTILNAMSTIYSTGKACNPNNPQE
CLLLEPGLDDIMENSKDYNERLWAWEGWRSEVGKQLRPLYEEYVALKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEEE
WADGYSYSRNQLIEDVEHTFTQIKPLYEHLHAYVRAKLMDAYPSRISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYP
LMVPFRQKPNIDVTDAMVNQSWDARRIFEEAETFFVSVGLPNMTEGFWQNSMLTEPGDNRKVVCHPTAWD
LGKRDFRIKMCTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAEQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPNHLKN
IGLLPPDFSEDSETDINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEQWMQKWWEMKRDIVGVVEP
LPHDETYCDPAALFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQIAKHEGPLYKCDISNSSEAGQKLHEMLSL
GRSKPWTFALERVVGAKTMDVRPLLNYFEPLFTWLKEQNRNSFVGWNTDWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGE
KAYEWNDNEMYFFQSSIAYAMREYFSKVKNQTIPFVGKDVRVSDLKPRISFNFIVTSPENMSDIIPRADV
EEAIRKSRGRINDAFRLDDNSLEFLGIQPTLEPPYQPPVTIWLIVFGVVMGVVVVGIFLLIFSGIRNRRK
NNQARSEENPYASVDLSKGENNPGFQNVDDVQTSF

3.Went to UniProt and copied the ACE-2 sequence for the Chimpanzee (unreviewed). 

>tr|A0A2J8KU96|A0A2J8KU96_PANTR Angiotensin-converting enzyme OS=Pan troglodytes OX=9598 GN=ACE2 PE=3 SV=1
MSGSSWLLLSLVAVTAAQSTIEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQSSLASWNYNTNITEENVQ
NMNNAGDKWSAFLKEQSTLAQMYPLQEIQNLTVKLQLQALQQNGSSVLSEDKSKRLNTIL
NTMSAIYSTGKVCNPNNPQECLLLEPGLNEIMANSLDYNERLWAWESWRSEVGKQLRPLY
EEYVVLKNEMARANHYEDYGDYWRGDYEVNGVDGYDYSRGQLIEDVEHTFEEIKPLYEHL
HAYVRAKLMNAYPSYISPIGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYSLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMVDQ
AWDAQRIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPNMTQGFWENSMLTDPGNVQKAVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRILM
CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAAQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLKS
IGLLSPDFQEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPEDQWMKKWWEM
KREIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVSNDYSFIRYYTRTLYQFQFQEALCQAAKHEGPLH
KCDISNSTEAGQKLFNMLRLGKSEPWTLALENVVGAKNMNVRPLLNYFEPLFTWLKDQNK
NSFVGWSTDWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGDKAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSVAYAMRQYFLKVKN
QMILFGEEDVRVANLKPRISFNFFVTAPKNVSDIIPRTEVEKAIRKSRSRINDAFRLNDN
SLEFLGIQPTLGPPNQPPVSIWLIVFGVVMGVIVVGIVILIFTGIRDRKKKNKARSEENP
YASVDTSKGENNPGFQNTDDVQTSF


4. Went to UniProt and copied the ACE-2 sequence for the Homosapien (human). 

>sp|Q9BYF1|ACE2_HUMAN Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 OS=Homo sapiens OX=9606 GN=ACE2 PE=1 SV=2
MSSSSWLLLSLVAVTAAQSTIEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQSSLASWNYNTNITEENVQ
NMNNAGDKWSAFLKEQSTLAQMYPLQEIQNLTVKLQLQALQQNGSSVLSEDKSKRLNTIL
NTMSTIYSTGKVCNPDNPQECLLLEPGLNEIMANSLDYNERLWAWESWRSEVGKQLRPLY
EEYVVLKNEMARANHYEDYGDYWRGDYEVNGVDGYDYSRGQLIEDVEHTFEEIKPLYEHL
HAYVRAKLMNAYPSYISPIGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYSLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMVDQ
AWDAQRIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPNMTQGFWENSMLTDPGNVQKAVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRILM
CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAAQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLKS
IGLLSPDFQEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKDQWMKKWWEM
KREIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVSNDYSFIRYYTRTLYQFQFQEALCQAAKHEGPLH
KCDISNSTEAGQKLFNMLRLGKSEPWTLALENVVGAKNMNVRPLLNYFEPLFTWLKDQNK
NSFVGWSTDWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGDKAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSVAYAMRQYFLKVKN
QMILFGEEDVRVANLKPRISFNFFVTAPKNVSDIIPRTEVEKAIRMSRSRINDAFRLNDN
SLEFLGIQPTLGPPNQPPVSIWLIVFGVVMGVIVVGIVILIFTGIRDRKKKNKARSGENP
YASIDISKGENNPGFQNTDDVQTSF

5.Went to UniProt and copied the ACE-2 sequence for the Masked Palm civet. 

>sp|Q56NL1|ACE2_PAGLA Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 OS=Paguma larvata OX=9675 GN=ACE2 PE=1 SV=1
MSGSFWLLLSFAALTAAQSTTEELAKTFLETFNYEAQELSYQSSVASWNYNTNITDENAK
NMNEAGAKWSAYYEEQSKLAQTYPLAEIQDAKIKRQLQALQQSGSSVLSADKSQRLNTIL
NAMSTIYSTGKACNPNNPQECLLLEPGLDNIMENSKDYNERLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
EEYVALKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEEEWTGGYNYSRNQLIQDVEDTFEQIKPLYQHL
HAYVRAKLMDTYPSRISRTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMVNQ
NWDARRIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPNMTQGFWENSMLTEPGDGRKVVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRIKM
CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAAQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPNHLKT
IGLLSPAFSEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGAIPKEQWMQKWWEM
KRNIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQIAKHEGPLH
KCDISNSTEAGKKLLEMLSLGRSEPWTLALERVVGAKNMNVTPLLNYFEPLFTWLKEQNR
NSFVGWDTDWRPYSDQSIKVRISLKSALGEKAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSIAYAMREYFSKVKN
QTIPFVEDNVWVSDLKPRISFNFFVTFSNNVSDVIPRSEVEDAIRMSRSRINDAFRLDDN
SLEFLGIEPTLSPPYRPPVTIWLIVFGVVMGAIVVGIVLLIVSGIRNRRKNDQAGSEENP
YASVDLNKGENNPGFQHADDVQTSF

6.Went to UniProt and copied the ACE-2 sequence for Mus musculus. 

>sp|Q8R0I0|ACE2_MOUSE Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 OS=Mus musculus OX=10090 GN=Ace2 PE=1 SV=1
MSSSSWLLLSLVAVTTAQSLTEENAKTFLNNFNQEAEDLSYQSSLASWNYNTNITEENAQ
KMSEAAAKWSAFYEEQSKTAQSFSLQEIQTPIIKRQLQALQQSGSSALSADKNKQLNTIL
NTMSTIYSTGKVCNPKNPQECLLLEPGLDEIMATSTDYNSRLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
EEYVVLKNEMARANNYNDYGDYWRGDYEAEGADGYNYNRNQLIEDVERTFAEIKPLYEHL
HAYVRRKLMDTYPSYISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFAQKPNIDVTDAMMNQ
GWDAERIFQEAEKFFVSVGLPHMTQGFWANSMLTEPADGRKVVCHPTAWDLGHGDFRIKM
CTKVTMDNFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYARQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLKS
IGLLPSDFQEDSETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFRGEIPKEQWMKKWWEM
KREIVGVVEPLPHDETYCDPASLFHVSNDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQAAKYNGSLH
KCDISNSTEAGQKLLKMLSLGNSEPWTKALENVVGARNMDVKPLLNYFQPLFDWLKEQNR
NSFVGWNTEWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGANAYEWTNNEMFLFRSSVAYAMRKYFSIIKN
QTVPFLEEDVRVSDLKPRVSFYFFVTSPQNVSDVIPRSEVEDAIRMSRGRINDVFGLNDN
SLEFLGIHPTLEPPYQPPVTIWLIIFGVVMALVVVGIIILIVTGIKGRKKKNETKREENP
YDSMDIGKGESNAGFQNSDDAQTSF

7. Went to UniProt and copied the ACE-2 sequence for Rattus norvegicus. 

>sp|Q5EGZ1|ACE2_RAT Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 OS=Rattus norvegicus OX=10116 GN=Ace2 PE=1 SV=1
MSSSCWLLLSLVAVATAQSLIEEKAESFLNKFNQEAEDLSYQSSLASWNYNTNITEENAQ
KMNEAAAKWSAFYEEQSKIAQNFSLQEIQNATIKRQLKALQQSGSSALSPDKNKQLNTIL
NTMSTIYSTGKVCNSMNPQECFLLEPGLDEIMATSTDYNRRLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
EEYVVLKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEAEGVEGYNYNRNQLIEDVENTFKEIKPLYEQL
HAYVRTKLMEVYPSYISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTTPFLQKPNIDVTDAMVNQ
SWDAERIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPQMTPGFWTNSMLTEPGDDRKVVCHPTAWDLGHGDFRIKM
CTKVTMDNFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAKQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLKS
IGLLPSNFQEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFQDKIPREQWTKKWWEM
KREIVGVVEPLPHDETYCDPASLFHVSNDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQAAKHDGPLH
KCDISNSTEAGQKLLNMLSLGNSGPWTLALENVVGSRNMDVKPLLNYFQPLFVWLKEQNR
NSTVGWSTDWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGKNAYEWTDNEMYLFRSSVAYAMREYFSREKN
QTVPFGEADVWVSDLKPRVSFNFFVTSPKNVSDIIPRSEVEEAIRMSRGRINDIFGLNDN
SLEFLGIYPTLKPPYEPPVTIWLIIFGVVMGTVVVGIVILIVTGIKGRKKKNETKREENP
YDSMDIGKGESNAGFQNSDDAQTSF

8.Went to UniProt and copied the ACE-2 sequence for the Felis Cat. 

>sp|Q56H28|ACE2_FELCA Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 OS=Felis catus OX=9685 GN=ACE2 PE=2 SV=1
MSGSFWLLLSFAALTAAQSTTEELAKTFLEKFNHEAEELSYQSSLASWNYNTNITDENVQ
KMNEAGAKWSAFYEEQSKLAKTYPLAEIHNTTVKRQLQALQQSGSSVLSADKSQRLNTIL
NAMSTIYSTGKACNPNNPQECLLLEPGLDDIMENSKDYNERLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
EEYVALKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEEEWTDGYNYSRSQLIKDVEHTFTQIKPLYQHL
HAYVRAKLMDTYPSRISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMVNQ
SWDARRIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPNMTQGFWENSMLTEPGDSRKVVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRIKM
CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAVQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPNHLKT
IGLLSPGFSEDSETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEQWMQKWWEM
KREIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCRIAKHEGPLH
KCDISNSSEAGKKLLQMLTLGKSKPWTLALEHVVGEKKMNVTPLLKYFEPLFTWLKEQNR
NSFVGWNTDWRPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGDEAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSVAYAMREYFSKVKN
QTIPFVEDNVWVSNLKPRISFNFFVTASKNVSDVIPRSEVEEAIRMSRSRINDAFRLDDN
SLEFLGIQPTLSPPYQPPVTIWLIVFGVVMGVVVVGIVLLIVSGIRNRRKNNQARSEENP
YASVDLSKGENNPGFQHADDVQTSF

9.Went to UniProt and copied the ACE-2 sequence for the Horseshoe Bat (unreviewed). 

>tr|E2DHI2|E2DHI2_RHIFE Angiotensin-converting enzyme OS=Rhinolophus ferrumequinum OX=59479 GN=ACE2 PE=2 SV=1
MSGSSWFLLSLVAVTAAQSTTEDLAKKFLDDFNSEAENLSHQSSLASWEYNTNISDENVQ
KMDEAGAKWSDFYEKQSKLAKNFSLEEIHNDTVKLQLQILQQSGSPVLSEDKSKRLNSIL
NAMSTIYSTGKVCKPNNPQECLLLEPGLDNIMGTSKDYNERLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
EEYVVLKNEMARGYHYEDYGDYWRRDYETEGSPDLEYSRDQLIKDVERIFAEIKPLYEQL
HAYVRTKLMDTYPFHISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMLNQ
NWDAKRIFKEAEKFLVSIGLPNMTEGFWNNSMLTDPGDGRKVVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRIKM
CTKVTMEDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYASQPYLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEVMSLSVATPEHLKT
MGLLSSDFLEDNETEINFLFKQALNIVGTLPLTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEEWMKKWWEM
KRKIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIFEFQFHEALCRIAKHDGPLH
KCGISNSTDAGEKLHQMLSVGKSQPWTSVLKDFVGSKNMDVGPLLRYFEPLYTWLTEQNR
KSFVGWNTDWSPYADQSIKVWISLKSALGEKAYEWNNNEMYLFRSSVAYAMREYFLKTKN
QTILFGEEDVWVSNLKPRISFNFYVTSPRNLSDIIPRPEVEGAIRMSRSRINDAFRLDDN
SLEFLGIQPTLGPPYQPPVTIWLIVFGVVMAVVVVGIVVLIITGIRDRRKKDQARSEENP
YSSVDLSKGENNPGFQNGNDVQTSF

10.Went to NCBI and copied the ACE-2 sequence for the Rabbit. 

>QHX39726.1 angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 [Oryctolagus cuniculus]
MSGSSWLLLSLVAVTAAQSTIEELAKTFLEKFNQEAEDLSYQSALASWDYNTNITEENVQKMNDAEAKWS
AFYEEQSKLAKTYPSQEVQNLTVKRQLQALQQSGSSALSADKSKQLNTILSTMSTIYSTGKVCNQSNPQE
CFLLEPGLDEIMAKSTDYNERLWAWEGWRSVVGKQLRPLYEEYVVLKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRADYEAE
GADGYDYSRSQLIDDVERTFSEIKPLYEQLHAYVRTKLMDAYPSRISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYS
LTVPFGQKPNIDVTDTMVNQGWDAERIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPSMTHGFWENSMLPESGDGRKVVCHPTAWD
LGKRDFRIKMCTKVTMDNFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYATQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPEHLKS
IGLLPYDFHEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEQWMQKWWEMKREIVGVVEP
MPHDETYCDPAALFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQAAQHEGPLHKCDISNSTEAGQKLLNMLRL
GRSEPWTLALENVVGAKNMDVRPLLNYFEPLFTWLKEQNRNSFVGWSTEWTPYADQSIKVRISLKTALGD
QAYEWNDSEMYLFRSSVAYAMRKYFSEVKNQTILFGEEDVRVSDLKPRISFNFFVTAPNNVNDIIPRNEV
EEAISMSRSRINDIFRLDDNSLEFVGIQPTLEPPYESPVPIWLVVFGVVMGMIVIGIVVLIFTGIKDRRK
QKQAKREENPYGFVDMSKGENNSGFQNSDDIQTSF

11. Went to UniProt and copied the ACE-2 sequence for the opossum. 

>tr|F6WXR7|F6WXR7_MONDO Angiotensin-converting enzyme OS=Monodelphis domestica OX=13616 GN=ACE2 PE=3 SV=2
MLDPLWLFFSLLAVTAAQNSIEEDAKTFLDDYNAKAEELSHQSALASWEYNTNITNENVE
KMNEAAARWSSFYENQSSISRTYPLNEITNATVKLQLKSLQKKEGAVLSTEQSVRLNTIL
NTMSTLYSTGSVCNSETPQQCFLLEPGLDKIMDESTDYDERLWAWEGWRSKVGKEMRPLY
EEYVELKNELAKGNNYEDYGDYWRGDYEVEEPSEYVYSRPQLKKDVENTFKQIKSLYEHL
HAYVRRKMRNTYGSLISETGGLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYSLTMPYREKPNIDVTSAMKKQ
NWSARRIFQEAEMFFASVGLPNMTEGFWKNSMLTEPNDGRKVVCHPTAWDLGKNDFRIKM
CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAKQPFTLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLQA
LGLLPPTFQEDNETEINFLFKQALTIIGTMPFTYMLENWRWMVFEGKIPKEEWMKKWWEM
KREIVGVVEPLPHDETYCDPAALFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFHKALCKIAQPSAALH
KCDITNSTEAGTKLQNMLKMGKSEPWTKALESIVGNKMMDAGPLLEYFEPLFTWLKEQNK
DAYVGWNTDWSPYNAYKIKVRISLKTLGENAYTWNENEMYLFQSSIVFAMRQYFLIKKKQ
SIPFSNENVKMFDLKPRISFYFFVTFPPNGTSFVPREEVEAAISMSRDRINDAFRLNDNS
LEFVGISPTLAPPYEPPVTVWMIVFGVVMGIVVIGIVYLIYTGVRDRKKRAKTSSSNDEN
PYVDVDVAGGQHNPAFQSSEDAQTSF


2.Went to a phylogeny tree builder and sequence aligner.

  • Copied the ACE-2 sequence and pasted them in the one-click.
  • Copied the generated sequence alignment and pasted the results below.
Sequence alignment
CLUSTAL FORMAT: MUSCLE (3.8) multiple sequence alignments


tr|E2DHI2|      MSGSSWFLLSLVAVTAAQSTTEDLAKKFLDDFNSEAENLSHQSSLASWEYNTNISDENVQ
sp|Q8R0I0|      MSSSSWLLLSLVAVTTAQSLTEENAKTFLNNFNQEAEDLSYQSSLASWNYNTNITEENAQ
sp|Q5EGZ1|      MSSSCWLLLSLVAVATAQSLIEEKAESFLNKFNQEAEDLSYQSSLASWNYNTNITEENAQ
tr|A0A220Q      MSGSFWLLLSLIPVTAAQSTTEELAKTFLEKFNLEAEDLAYQSSLASWNYNTNITDENIQ
QHX39726.1      MSGSSWLLLSLVAVTAAQSTIEELAKTFLEKFNQEAEDLSYQSALASWDYNTNITEENVQ
tr|A0A2J8K      MSGSSWLLLSLVAVTAAQSTIEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQSSLASWNYNTNITEENVQ
sp|Q9BYF1|      MSSSSWLLLSLVAVTAAQSTIEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQSSLASWNYNTNITEENVQ
BAE53380.1      MLGSSWLLLSLAALTAAQSTTEDLAKTFLEKFNYEAEELSYQNSLASWNYNTNITDENIQ
sp|Q56NL1|      MSGSFWLLLSFAALTAAQSTTEELAKTFLETFNYEAQELSYQSSVASWNYNTNITDENAK
sp|Q56H28|      MSGSFWLLLSFAALTAAQSTTEELAKTFLEKFNHEAEELSYQSSLASWNYNTNITDENVQ
                * .* *:***: .:::***  *: *:.**: ** **::* :*.::***:*****::** :

tr|E2DHI2|      KMDEAGAKWSDFYEKQSKLAKNFSLEEIHNDTVKLQLQILQQSGSPVLSEDKSKRLNSIL
sp|Q8R0I0|      KMSEAAAKWSAFYEEQSKTAQSFSLQEIQTPIIKRQLQALQQSGSSALSADKNKQLNTIL
sp|Q5EGZ1|      KMNEAAAKWSAFYEEQSKIAQNFSLQEIQNATIKRQLKALQQSGSSALSPDKNKQLNTIL
tr|A0A220Q      KMNDARAKWSAFYEEQSRIAKTYPLDEIQTLILKRQLQALQQSGTSGLSADKSKRLNTIL
QHX39726.1      KMNDAEAKWSAFYEEQSKLAKTYPSQEVQNLTVKRQLQALQQSGSSALSADKSKQLNTIL
tr|A0A2J8K      NMNNAGDKWSAFLKEQSTLAQMYPLQEIQNLTVKLQLQALQQNGSSVLSEDKSKRLNTIL
sp|Q9BYF1|      NMNNAGDKWSAFLKEQSTLAQMYPLQEIQNLTVKLQLQALQQNGSSVLSEDKSKRLNTIL
BAE53380.1      KMNIAGAKWSAFYEEESQHAKTYPLEEIQDPIIKRQLRALQQSGSSVLSADKRERLNTIL
sp|Q56NL1|      NMNEAGAKWSAYYEEQSKLAQTYPLAEIQDAKIKRQLQALQQSGSSVLSADKSQRLNTIL
sp|Q56H28|      KMNEAGAKWSAFYEEQSKLAKTYPLAEIHNTTVKRQLQALQQSGSSVLSADKSQRLNTIL
                :*. *  *** : :::*  *: :.  *::   :* **. ***.*:. ** ** :.**:**

tr|E2DHI2|      NAMSTIYSTGKVCKPNNPQECLLLEPGLDNIMGTSKDYNERLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
sp|Q8R0I0|      NTMSTIYSTGKVCNPKNPQECLLLEPGLDEIMATSTDYNSRLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
sp|Q5EGZ1|      NTMSTIYSTGKVCNSMNPQECFLLEPGLDEIMATSTDYNRRLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
tr|A0A220Q      NTMSTIYSSGKVLDPNNPQECLVLEPGLDEIMENSKDYSRRLWAWESWRAEVGKQLRPLY
QHX39726.1      STMSTIYSTGKVCNQSNPQECFLLEPGLDEIMAKSTDYNERLWAWEGWRSVVGKQLRPLY
tr|A0A2J8K      NTMSAIYSTGKVCNPNNPQECLLLEPGLNEIMANSLDYNERLWAWESWRSEVGKQLRPLY
sp|Q9BYF1|      NTMSTIYSTGKVCNPDNPQECLLLEPGLNEIMANSLDYNERLWAWESWRSEVGKQLRPLY
BAE53380.1      NAMSTIYSTGKACNPNNPQECLLLEPGLDDIMENSKDYNERLWAWEGWRSEVGKQLRPLY
sp|Q56NL1|      NAMSTIYSTGKACNPNNPQECLLLEPGLDNIMENSKDYNERLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
sp|Q56H28|      NAMSTIYSTGKACNPNNPQECLLLEPGLDDIMENSKDYNERLWAWEGWRAEVGKQLRPLY
                .:**:***:**. .  *****::*****::** .* **. ******.**: *********

tr|E2DHI2|      EEYVVLKNEMARGYHYEDYGDYWRRDYETEGSPDLEYSRDQLIKDVERIFAEIKPLYEQL
sp|Q8R0I0|      EEYVVLKNEMARANNYNDYGDYWRGDYEAEGADGYNYNRNQLIEDVERTFAEIKPLYEHL
sp|Q5EGZ1|      EEYVVLKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEAEGVEGYNYNRNQLIEDVENTFKEIKPLYEQL
tr|A0A220Q      EEYVVLENEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEVTGTGDYDYSRNQLMEDVERTFAEIKPLYEHL
QHX39726.1      EEYVVLKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRADYEAEGADGYDYSRSQLIDDVERTFSEIKPLYEQL
tr|A0A2J8K      EEYVVLKNEMARANHYEDYGDYWRGDYEVNGVDGYDYSRGQLIEDVEHTFEEIKPLYEHL
sp|Q9BYF1|      EEYVVLKNEMARANHYEDYGDYWRGDYEVNGVDGYDYSRGQLIEDVEHTFEEIKPLYEHL
BAE53380.1      EEYVALKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEEEWADGYSYSRNQLIEDVEHTFTQIKPLYEHL
sp|Q56NL1|      EEYVALKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEEEWTGGYNYSRNQLIQDVEDTFEQIKPLYQHL
sp|Q56H28|      EEYVALKNEMARANNYEDYGDYWRGDYEEEWTDGYNYSRSQLIKDVEHTFTQIKPLYQHL
                ****.*:*****. :*:******* ***     . .*.*.**:.***  * :*****::*

tr|E2DHI2|      HAYVRTKLMDTYPFHISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMLNQ
sp|Q8R0I0|      HAYVRRKLMDTYPSYISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFAQKPNIDVTDAMMNQ
sp|Q5EGZ1|      HAYVRTKLMEVYPSYISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTTPFLQKPNIDVTDAMVNQ
tr|A0A220Q      HAYVRAKLMDAYPSRISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFGEKPSIDVTEAMVNQ
QHX39726.1      HAYVRTKLMDAYPSRISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYSLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDTMVNQ
tr|A0A2J8K      HAYVRAKLMNAYPSYISPIGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYSLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMVDQ
sp|Q9BYF1|      HAYVRAKLMNAYPSYISPIGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYSLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMVDQ
BAE53380.1      HAYVRAKLMDAYPSRISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLMVPFRQKPNIDVTDAMVNQ
sp|Q56NL1|      HAYVRAKLMDTYPSRISRTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMVNQ
sp|Q56H28|      HAYVRAKLMDTYPSRISPTGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYPLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMVNQ
                ***** ***:.**  **  ********************.* .** :**.****::*::*

tr|E2DHI2|      NWDAKRIFKEAEKFLVSIGLPNMTEGFWNNSMLTDPGDGRKVVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRIKM
sp|Q8R0I0|      GWDAERIFQEAEKFFVSVGLPHMTQGFWANSMLTEPADGRKVVCHPTAWDLGHGDFRIKM
sp|Q5EGZ1|      SWDAERIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPQMTPGFWTNSMLTEPGDDRKVVCHPTAWDLGHGDFRIKM
tr|A0A220Q      SWDAIRIFEEAEKFFVSIGLPNMTQGFWNNSMLTEPGDGRKVVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRIKM
QHX39726.1      GWDAERIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPSMTHGFWENSMLPESGDGRKVVCHPTAWDLGKRDFRIKM
tr|A0A2J8K      AWDAQRIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPNMTQGFWENSMLTDPGNVQKAVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRILM
sp|Q9BYF1|      AWDAQRIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPNMTQGFWENSMLTDPGNVQKAVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRILM
BAE53380.1      SWDARRIFEEAETFFVSVGLPNMTEGFWQNSMLTEPGDNRKVVCHPTAWDLGKRDFRIKM
sp|Q56NL1|      NWDARRIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPNMTQGFWENSMLTEPGDGRKVVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRIKM
sp|Q56H28|      SWDARRIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPNMTQGFWENSMLTEPGDSRKVVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRIKM
                 *** ***:***.*:**:*** ** *** ****.:..: .*.**********: **** *

tr|E2DHI2|      CTKVTMEDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYASQPYLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEVMSLSVATPEHLKT
sp|Q8R0I0|      CTKVTMDNFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYARQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLKS
sp|Q5EGZ1|      CTKVTMDNFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAKQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLKS
tr|A0A220Q      CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAIQPYLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPHYLKA
QHX39726.1      CTKVTMDNFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYATQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPEHLKS
tr|A0A2J8K      CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAAQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLKS
sp|Q9BYF1|      CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAAQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLKS
BAE53380.1      CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAEQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPNHLKN
sp|Q56NL1|      CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAAQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPNHLKT
sp|Q56H28|      CTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAVQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPNHLKT
                ******::****************** **:****************:****.*** :** 

tr|E2DHI2|      MGLLSSDFLEDNETEINFLFKQALNIVGTLPLTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEEWMKKWWEM
sp|Q8R0I0|      IGLLPSDFQEDSETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFRGEIPKEQWMKKWWEM
sp|Q5EGZ1|      IGLLPSNFQEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFQDKIPREQWTKKWWEM
tr|A0A220Q      LGLLPPDFYEDSETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEQWMQKWWEM
QHX39726.1      IGLLPYDFHEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEQWMQKWWEM
tr|A0A2J8K      IGLLSPDFQEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPEDQWMKKWWEM
sp|Q9BYF1|      IGLLSPDFQEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKDQWMKKWWEM
BAE53380.1      IGLLPPDFSEDSETDINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEQWMQKWWEM
sp|Q56NL1|      IGLLSPAFSEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGAIPKEQWMQKWWEM
sp|Q56H28|      IGLLSPGFSEDSETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKEQWMQKWWEM
                :***.  * **.**:****:****.******:************.. ** ::* :*****

tr|E2DHI2|      KRKIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIFEFQFHEALCRIAKHDGPLH
sp|Q8R0I0|      KREIVGVVEPLPHDETYCDPASLFHVSNDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQAAKYNGSLH
sp|Q5EGZ1|      KREIVGVVEPLPHDETYCDPASLFHVSNDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQAAKHDGPLH
tr|A0A220Q      KREIVGVVEPLPHDETYCDPACLFHVAEDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFHEALCRTAKHEGPLY
QHX39726.1      KREIVGVVEPMPHDETYCDPAALFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQAAQHEGPLH
tr|A0A2J8K      KREIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVSNDYSFIRYYTRTLYQFQFQEALCQAAKHEGPLH
sp|Q9BYF1|      KREIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVSNDYSFIRYYTRTLYQFQFQEALCQAAKHEGPLH
BAE53380.1      KRDIVGVVEPLPHDETYCDPAALFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQIAKHEGPLY
sp|Q56NL1|      KRNIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCQIAKHEGPLH
sp|Q56H28|      KREIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVANDYSFIRYYTRTIYQFQFQEALCRIAKHEGPLH
                **.*******:**********.****::***********:::***:****. *:::*.*:

tr|E2DHI2|      KCGISNSTDAGEKLHQMLSVGKSQPWTSVLKDFVGSKNMDVGPLLRYFEPLYTWLTEQNR
sp|Q8R0I0|      KCDISNSTEAGQKLLKMLSLGNSEPWTKALENVVGARNMDVKPLLNYFQPLFDWLKEQNR
sp|Q5EGZ1|      KCDISNSTEAGQKLLNMLSLGNSGPWTLALENVVGSRNMDVKPLLNYFQPLFVWLKEQNR
tr|A0A220Q      KCDISNSTEAGQKLLQMLSLGKSEPWTLALENIVGVKTMDVKPLLSYFEPLLTWLKAQNG
QHX39726.1      KCDISNSTEAGQKLLNMLRLGRSEPWTLALENVVGAKNMDVRPLLNYFEPLFTWLKEQNR
tr|A0A2J8K      KCDISNSTEAGQKLFNMLRLGKSEPWTLALENVVGAKNMNVRPLLNYFEPLFTWLKDQNK
sp|Q9BYF1|      KCDISNSTEAGQKLFNMLRLGKSEPWTLALENVVGAKNMNVRPLLNYFEPLFTWLKDQNK
BAE53380.1      KCDISNSSEAGQKLHEMLSLGRSKPWTFALERVVGAKTMDVRPLLNYFEPLFTWLKEQNR
sp|Q56NL1|      KCDISNSTEAGKKLLEMLSLGRSEPWTLALERVVGAKNMNVTPLLNYFEPLFTWLKEQNR
sp|Q56H28|      KCDISNSSEAGKKLLQMLTLGKSKPWTLALEHVVGEKKMNVTPLLKYFEPLFTWLKEQNR
                **.****::**:** :** :*.* *** .*: .** ..*:* *** **:**  **. ** 

tr|E2DHI2|      KSFVGWNTDWSPYADQSIKVWISLKSALGEKAYEWNNNEMYLFRSSVAYAMREYFLKTKN
sp|Q8R0I0|      NSFVGWNTEWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGANAYEWTNNEMFLFRSSVAYAMRKYFSIIKN
sp|Q5EGZ1|      NSTVGWSTDWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGKNAYEWTDNEMYLFRSSVAYAMREYFSREKN
tr|A0A220Q      NSSVGWNTDWTPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGKEAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSIAYAMRNYFSSAKN
QHX39726.1      NSFVGWSTEWTPYADQSIKVRISLKTALGDQAYEWNDSEMYLFRSSVAYAMRKYFSEVKN
tr|A0A2J8K      NSFVGWSTDWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGDKAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSVAYAMRQYFLKVKN
sp|Q9BYF1|      NSFVGWSTDWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGDKAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSVAYAMRQYFLKVKN
BAE53380.1      NSFVGWNTDWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGEKAYEWNDNEMYFFQSSIAYAMREYFSKVKN
sp|Q56NL1|      NSFVGWDTDWRPYSDQSIKVRISLKSALGEKAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSIAYAMREYFSKVKN
sp|Q56H28|      NSFVGWNTDWRPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGDEAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSVAYAMREYFSKVKN
                :* ***.*:* **:******.****:*** :****.:.**::*.**:*****:**   **

tr|E2DHI2|      QTILFGEEDVWVSNLKPRISFNFYVTSPRNLSDIIPRPEVEGAIRMSRSRINDAFRLDDN
sp|Q8R0I0|      QTVPFLEEDVRVSDLKPRVSFYFFVTSPQNVSDVIPRSEVEDAIRMSRGRINDVFGLNDN
sp|Q5EGZ1|      QTVPFGEADVWVSDLKPRVSFNFFVTSPKNVSDIIPRSEVEEAIRMSRGRINDIFGLNDN
tr|A0A220Q      ETIPFGAEDVWVSDLKPRISFNFFVTSPANMSDIIPRSDVEKAISMSRSRINDAFRLDDN
QHX39726.1      QTILFGEEDVRVSDLKPRISFNFFVTAPNNVNDIIPRNEVEEAISMSRSRINDIFRLDDN
tr|A0A2J8K      QMILFGEEDVRVANLKPRISFNFFVTAPKNVSDIIPRTEVEKAIRKSRSRINDAFRLNDN
sp|Q9BYF1|      QMILFGEEDVRVANLKPRISFNFFVTAPKNVSDIIPRTEVEKAIRMSRSRINDAFRLNDN
BAE53380.1      QTIPFVGKDVRVSDLKPRISFNFIVTSPENMSDIIPRADVEEAIRKSRGRINDAFRLDDN
sp|Q56NL1|      QTIPFVEDNVWVSDLKPRISFNFFVTFSNNVSDVIPRSEVEDAIRMSRSRINDAFRLDDN
sp|Q56H28|      QTIPFVEDNVWVSNLKPRISFNFFVTASKNVSDVIPRSEVEEAIRMSRSRINDAFRLDDN
                : : *   :*.*::****:** * ** . *:.*:*** :** **  **.**** * *:**

tr|E2DHI2|      SLEFLGIQPTLGPPYQPPVTIWLIVFGVVMAVVVVGIVVLIITGIRDRRKKDQARSEENP
sp|Q8R0I0|      SLEFLGIHPTLEPPYQPPVTIWLIIFGVVMALVVVGIIILIVTGIKGRKKKNETKREENP
sp|Q5EGZ1|      SLEFLGIYPTLKPPYEPPVTIWLIIFGVVMGTVVVGIVILIVTGIKGRKKKNETKREENP
tr|A0A220Q      TLEFLGIQPTLGPPDEPPVTVWLIIFGVVMGLVVVGIVVLIFTGIRDRRKKKQASSEENP
QHX39726.1      SLEFVGIQPTLEPPYESPVPIWLVVFGVVMGMIVIGIVVLIFTGIKDRRKQKQAKREENP
tr|A0A2J8K      SLEFLGIQPTLGPPNQPPVSIWLIVFGVVMGVIVVGIVILIFTGIRDRKKKNKARSEENP
sp|Q9BYF1|      SLEFLGIQPTLGPPNQPPVSIWLIVFGVVMGVIVVGIVILIFTGIRDRKKKNKARSGENP
BAE53380.1      SLEFLGIQPTLEPPYQPPVTIWLIVFGVVMGVVVVGIFLLIFSGIRNRRKNNQARSEENP
sp|Q56NL1|      SLEFLGIEPTLSPPYRPPVTIWLIVFGVVMGAIVVGIVLLIVSGIRNRRKNDQAGSEENP
sp|Q56H28|      SLEFLGIQPTLSPPYQPPVTIWLIVFGVVMGVVVVGIVLLIVSGIRNRRKNNQARSEENP
                :***:** *** **  .**.:**::*****. :*:**.:**.:**..*.*:.::   ***

tr|E2DHI2|      YSSVDLSKGENNPGFQNGNDVQTSF
sp|Q8R0I0|      YDSMDIGKGESNAGFQNSDDAQTSF
sp|Q5EGZ1|      YDSMDIGKGESNAGFQNSDDAQTSF
tr|A0A220Q      YGSMDLSKGESNSGFQNGDDIQTSF
QHX39726.1      YGFVDMSKGENNSGFQNSDDIQTSF
tr|A0A2J8K      YASVDTSKGENNPGFQNTDDVQTSF
sp|Q9BYF1|      YASIDISKGENNPGFQNTDDVQTSF
BAE53380.1      YASVDLSKGENNPGFQNVDDVQTSF
sp|Q56NL1|      YASVDLNKGENNPGFQHADDVQTSF
sp|Q56H28|      YASVDLSKGENNPGFQHADDVQTSF
                *  :* .***.*.***: :* ****

3.Went to a phylogeny tree builder and sequence aligner.

  • Copied the ACE-2 sequence and pasted them in the one-click.
  • Copied the generated Phylogenetic tree and pasted the results below.


Figure 1: Phylogenetic tree results for the copied ACE-2 Sequences.

4. Went to the article titled Investigation of the genetic variation in ACE2 on the structural recognition by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and copied the 8 necessary human amino acids and pasted them below.

  • HIS378
  • SER19
  • GLY211
  • ASP 206
  • ARG 219
  • LYS 341
  • LLE 468
  • SER 547

5. Located the 8 necessary human ACE-2 amino acids for structure and function in the sequence alignment and highlighted them across sequences. Created a table making the sequence alignments clearer. Posted sequences and interpretations below.

Figure 2: Sequence alignment for 8 necessary human amino acids in all the sequences.

  • Fully conserved residues: His378, Asp 206, Arg 219, Lys 341, LLE 468, and Ser 547.
  • Strongly Conserved residue: Ser 19
  • No conservation: Gly 211

6. Went to NCBI 3d-protein shapes iCn3D and created two structures.

  • The first is highlighting the necessary human ACE2 amino residues.
  • The second is the 5 human amino acid residues that the 2019-nCoV binds to.
  • Pasted images below:


Figure 3: Protein structure showing 8 necessary amino acids for function and structure in human ACE2s (left). Protein structure showing 5 ACE2 amino acid residues that the novel 2019-nCoV binds to.

  • None of the necessary amino acid residues for the human ACE2 structure and function is a residue where the 2019-nCoV spike protein binds to.

Powerpoint presentation

  1. Link to the PowerPoint presentation that will be presented in class.

Scientific Conclusion

  • The goal of this lab is to compare the ACE2 sequences of different species, note fully conserved amino acids necessary for structure and function, and compare them to the 5 amino acid sequences that the novel 2019-nCoV spike protein binds to. This work finds through a phylogenetic tree and sequence alignment that the ACE-2 amino acid residues that are more compatible with the novel 2019-nCoV do not have to be more closely related in the tree. The 8 amino acid residues that are necessary for human ACE2 structure and function are not the same as the 5 residues that the 2019-nCoV spike protein binds to. The sequence alignment shows that across the 11 species tested only 6 of the 8 necessary amino acids were fully conserved, 1 were strongly conserved, and 1 was not conserved. Mutations, therefore, to the 5 amino acid sequences will not influence the ACE-2 structure or function, in humans. Future experiments will focus on mutations to the 5 key amino acid sequences for the 2019-nCoV spike protein attempt to lower the binding efficiency for the spike protein.

Acknowledgments

  1. Referenced and copied OpenWebWare syntax from the BIOL368/F20 week 1 page.
  2. Referenced and copied methods from the BIOL368/F20 week 6 page.
  3. Referenced MediaWiki for image formatting syntax.
  4. Worked with my partner Macie Duran on the presentation and research.
  5. Worked with Dr. Dahlquist, in class, on our research and protein databases.
  6. Referenced the article "Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus" for information regarding 3-dimensional proteins.
  7. Referenced the article Investigation of the genetic variation in ACE2 on the structural recognition by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) for the 8 necessary human ACE2 amino acid residues.
  8. Used UniProtto find ACE-2 protein sequences.
  9. Used NCBI to find ACE-2 Protein sequences and study protein structures.
  10. Used Phylogeny.fr to make a phylogenetic tree and sequence alignment.

References

  1. OpenWetWare. (2020). BIOL368/F20:Week 1. Retrieved September 22, 2020, from https://openwetware.org/wiki/BIOL368/F20:Week_1
  2. OpenWetWare. (2020). BIOL368/F20:Week 6. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from https://openwetware.org/wiki/BIOL368/F20:Week_6
  3. Wan, Y., et al. (2020). Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus. Journal of Virology, 54 (7), retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00127-20.
  4. Phylogeny.fr (2020). Methodes et Algorithmes pour la Bio-informatique LIRM, retrieved from http://www.phylogeny.fr/simple_phylogeny.cgi?workflow_id=f6c1c87f6ac1d379903543866e4da087&tab_index=3%7C.
  5. NCBI Structure (2020). PDB ID 1R42: Native Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2, Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/icn3d/full.html?&mmdbid=26160&bu=1&showanno=1&source=full-feature.
  6. NCBI Database (2020). Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 [Mustela putorius furo], https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/BAE53380.1?report=fasta%7C.
  7. NCBI Database (2020). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [Oryctolagus cuniculus], https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_002719891.1.
  8. UniProt (2020). UniProtKB - K7GLM4 (K7GLM4_PIG), retrieved from https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/K7GLM4.
  9. UniProt (2020). UniProtKB - Q9BYF1 (ACE2_HUMAN), retrieved from https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q56NL1.
  10. UniProt (2020). UniProtKB - Q5EGZ1 (ACE2_RAT), retrieved from https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5EGZ1.
  11. UniProt (2020). UniProtKB - Q56NL1 (ACE2_PAGLA), retrieved from https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q56NL1.
  12. UniProt (2020). UniProtKB - A0A2J8KU96 (A0A2J8KU96_PANTR), retrieved fromhttps://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A2J8KU96.
  13. UniProt (2020). UniProtKB - B6ZGN7 (B6ZGN7_RHIFE), retrieved from https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B6ZGN7.
  14. UniProt (2020). UniProtKB - Q8R0I0 (ACE2_MOUSE), retrieved from hhttps://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8R0I0.
  15. UniProt (2020). UniProtKB - Q56H28 (ACE2_FELCA), retrieved from https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q56H28.
  16. UniProt (2020). UniProtKB - F6WXR7 (F6WXR7_MONDO), retrieved from https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/F6WXR7.
  17. Guo, X., Chen, Z., Xia, Y. et al. Investigation of the genetic variation in ACE2 on the structural recognition by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). J Transl Med 18, 321 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-020-02486-7


"Except for what is noted above, this individual journal entry was completed by me and not copied from another source" Nathan R. Beshai (talk) 20:36, 14 October 2020 (PDT)

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