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 OUR TEAMLAB 4 WRITE-UPProtocolMaterials
 samples	will be cross-contaminated
 Cup for discarded tipsMicropipettorOpenPCR machine: shared by two groups
 PCR Reaction Sample List
 
 
| Tube Label | PCR Reaction Sample | Patient ID |  
| G28 + | Positive control | 76447 |  
| G28 - | Negative control | 58040 |  
| G28 1-1 | Patient 1, replicate 1 |  |  
| G28 1-2 | Patient 1, replicate 2 |  |  
| G28 1-3 | Patient 1, replicate 3 |  |  
| G28 2-1 | Patient 2, replicate 1 |  |  
| G28 2-2 | Patient 2, replicate 2 |  |  
| G28 2-3 | Patient 2, replicate 3 |  |  DNA Sample Set-up Procedure
 Get the patient samples as well as the positive and negative controls from TA.  Do not open the tubes just yet.  Each set of samples has a unique number associated with it known as the patient ID number.  There should be three replicates of each sample.Create labels that will be used to distinguish tubes.  For example G51P, or G51N, G51 1-1. Etc.Make sure to record a key to each tube for future reference.
 OpenPCR program
     HEATED LID:100°C
    INITIAL STEP: 95°C for 2 minutes
    NUMBER OF CYCLES: 35
       Denature at 95°C for 30 seconds, Anneal at 57°C for 30 seconds,and Extend at 72°C for 30 sec
    FINAL STEP: 72°C for 2 minutes
    FINAL HOLD: 4°C
 
 
 
 
 Research and DevelopmentPCR - The Underlying TechnologyFunction of Components
 Primers- Pieces of DNA constructed in a lab to specifically locate a certain sequence of DNA in which is to be copied.  These primers are usually 20 nucleotides long to locate the desired sequence in DNA.Primase- In nature, this is what starts off PCR instead of lab created primers.DNA Polymerase- Is a naturally occurring complex of proteins that attaches to the DNA and copies it with nucleotides before it is split into two.  When used with a primer, it attaches itself to the end of the primer and starts to add nucleotides to complete the double strand of DNA.Nucleotides- Building blocks of DNA that include Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine (A,C,G,T).  These nucleotides are grabbed by the DNA Polymerase and attached to the primer which completes the DNA strand.
 This information was taken from http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/pcr/*
 
 
 
| What happens to the components (listed above) during each step of thermal cycling? |  
| INITIAL STEP: 95°C for 3 minutes: | The DNA starts to lose it's double helix structure, becoming closer to a ladder. |  
| Denature at 95°C for 30 seconds: | The DNA separates into two strands. |  
| Anneal at 57°C for 30 seconds: | Primers bind to complementary matches on the target sequence |  
| Extend at 72°C for 30 seconds: | Taq polymerase binds to the primed sequences and adds nucleotides to the strand. |  
| FINALSTEP: 72°C for 3 minutes: | New sets of DNA are made swiftly without destruction of the double helix |  
| FINAL HOLD: 4°C: | Allows the machine to shut off completely and complete the reaction |  This information was taken from http://openpcr.org/what-is-pcr
 Adenine anneals to thymine. Thymine anneals to adenine. Guanine anneals to cytosine. Cytosine anneals to guanine.
 This information was taken from http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/pcr/*
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