Due to FDA Regulations an animal test group was extablished to determine the effectiveness of LPS on inflamitin.
*Due to the sample size a mode could not be determined.
Inflammotin density in rat trials
LPS Dosage
Mean (pg/mL)
Median (pg/mL)
Mode (pg/mL)
Standard Deviation
Standard Error
0mg
10.5
9.24
*
2.23
0.995
10mg
11.1
8.99
*
7.40
3.31
Experiment 2(human)
People of age 55-85 who meet general health guidelines were used in this study. Patients with inflammation related past medical diagnoses where not used in the study do to the risk of experimental error.
*Due to the sample size a mode could not be determined.
Inflammotin density in Human trials
LPS Dosage
Mean (pg/mL)
Median (pg/mL)
Mode (pg/mL)
Standard Deviation
Standard Error
0mg
3.83
4.12
*
1.52
0.481
5mg
8.93
8.98
*
1.59
0.503
10mg
61.6
73.4
*
30.1
9.52
15mg
658
723
*
213
67.4
Results
Experiment 1(Rats)
Statistic table representing data gathered in trials
Inferential Statistics
Determination of the study at the end of trial per dosage.
Inflammotin protein levels present in Rats when allowing the LPS dosage to vary.
Experiment 2 (Humans)
Statistic table representing data gathered in trials
Inferential Statistics
Determination of the study at the end of trial per dosage.
Post-hoc Tests
t-test value
Corrected significant p-value
Significant?
0mg vs. 5mg
8.59631E-07
0.008333333
yes
0mg vs. 10mg
9.94377E-06
0.008333333
yes
0mg vs. 15mg
1.39436E-08
0.008333333
yes
5mg vs. 10mg
3.01859E-05
0.008333333
yes
5mg vs. 15mg
1.57101E-08
0.008333333
yes
10mg vs. 15mg
6.4824E-08
0.008333333
yes
Annova Summary - Human Trials
Groups
Count
Sum
Average
Variance
0 Pills
5
510.3
102.06
2.488
1 Pill
5
503.6
100.72
0.977
2 Pills
5
494
98.8
0.1
Annova - Human Trials
Source of Variation
SS
df
MS
F
P-value
F crit
Between Groups
26.84933333
2
13.42466667
11.2970547
0.001742106
3.885293835
Within Groups
14.26
12
1.188333333
Total
41.10933333
14
Inflammotin protein levels present in Rats when allowing the LPS dosage to vary.
Analysis
Experiment 1
The results of the clinical trial on rats proved inconclusive as the tested dose did not provide consistent results. The attributed test group is 0mg to 10mg there is no clear correlation.
The rate provided with a sugar pill resulted in an overall average of 10.5 pg/ml, a value 1.74 pg/ml higher then the lowest result and 3.0 pg/ml lower then the highest result.
The spread of these results leads to a standard deviation of 2.23 pg/ml, and a standard error of .995 pg/ml.
The average rate of 10mg is 11.1 pg/ml, a value 11.24 pg/ml below the greatest value and, 7.55 pg/ml above the lowest value.
The spread of these results leads to a standard deviation of 7.40 pg/ml, and a standard error of 3.31 pg/ml
The culmination of these results determine that the effect of the drug is inconclusive.
Experiment 2
The experimental results in Humans suggest that the concentration of Inflammotin protein is strongly dependent on the LPS dosage administered. First, an anova was performed which showed the difference between treatments to be significant, with a p-value of approximately 0.00174. Next, post-hoc tests were performed. Applying the Bonferroni correction to the initial critical value of 0.05 gave a critical p-value of 8.33*10-3. For each of the treatment groups compared, the p-value was significantly lower than the adjusted critical value, confirming the implications of the anova. One important take away from this analysis is that, according to the Human data, there is a logarithmic dependence of Inflammotin concentration on LPS dosage. In other words, each 5mg increase in LPS dosage saw an order of magnitude increase in Inflammotin concentration.
Summary/Discussion
The purpose of the first laboratory experiment with rats acted as the control for this experiment. The control was important in determining if the decrease in inflammation was a placebo affect or a result of taking LPS. The conclusion for this experiment would result in LPS having a placebo affect not a biological affect if the rats had no difference in the concentration of the protein inflammotin in the body. When comparing rats who were given 10mg of LPS and rats who were given 0mg of LPS. After the calculation of the t-test between the results of rats who were given 0mg and 10mg, resulted in a p-value greater than 0.05 making the results insignificant. Concluding that the pill LPS does not have a consistent affect on the body, due to varying results of inflammotin in the body.
The purpose of the second laboratory experiment with humans was used to see if different dosages of LPS had an effect on inflammotin levels in the body. This was done in order to see if the elderly could take less LPS and still have the same affect on their inflammotin levels. The conclusion for this experiment would result in no correlation between inflammotin levels and LPS dosage if the t-tests between dosage intervals resulted in a p-value that is greater than 0.05 or if all of the intervals were considered significant. After the calculation of the t-test's between 0mg-5mg, 0mg-10mg, 0mg-15mg, 5mg-10mg, 5mg-15mg, 10mg-15mg; all the intervals were considered significant. The inflammotin levels did increase with the increase in dosage but, so did the source of error and standard deviation, causing the results to be unreliable. Therefore a specific dosage of LPS in the interval between 0mg-15mg was unable to be determined.
BME 100 Spring 2016
