User:Ilya/Yeast/Mating pheromone response pathway

Components

• List of pathway components at yeastpheromonemodel.org
• GPCR
• Ras
• Pheromone
• Cdc28

Miscellaneous

• Crosstalk in the pathways is eliminated by formation of pathway-specific complexes (Ste5:Ste11:Ste7:Fus3, Pbs2:Ste11:Hog1)
• In S. cerevisiae, meiosis is initiated only by diploid cells deprived of glucose and nitrogen and grown in the presence of a nonfermentable carbon source [1]

Pheromone processing genes

• STE14
  • carries out C-terminal methylation of prenylated proteins including a-factor, Ras1p, and Ras2p
  • encodes the prenylcysteine-dependent carboxyl methyltransferase that mediates methylation, the final step in modification of CAAX proteins; Ste14p is also membrane associated [2]
• STE13
  • Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase A involved in maturation of a-factor
• AXL1
  • Protease involved in proteolytic step of a-factor N-terminal processing
• STE23
• RAM1, RAM2
  • Required for a-factor prenylation
• STE24
• RCE1
• KEX2
• KEX1
• STE23

Other genes

These genes are part of the mating machinery in yeast but not necessary part of the mating pheromone response pathway.

• Swe1 - protein kinase that regulates the G2/M transition by inhibition of Cdc28p kinase activity
• Ras1 - pombe homolog interacts with MAPKKK
• SAG1 (α-agglutinin) - provides tight cell-cell adhesion during mating in S. cerevisiae.
• FUS1 - protein with SH3 domain required for cell fusion during mating, located at the tip of the mating projection
• BNI1/YNL271C (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • Formin, nucleates the formation of linear actin filaments, involved in cell processes such as budding and mitotic spindle orientation which require the formation of polarized actin cables, functionally redundant with BNR1

References

• Pathway architecture overview

1. Tzung KW, Williams RM, Scherer S, Federspiel N, Jones T, Hansen N, Bivolarevic V, Huizar L, Komp C, Surzycki R, Tamse R, Davis RW, and Agabian N. Genomic evidence for a complete sexual cycle in Candida albicans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Mar 13;98(6):3249-53. DOI:10.1073/pnas.061628798 |
2. Ashby MN, Errada PR, Boyartchuk VL, and Rine J. Isolation and DNA sequence of the STE14 gene encoding farnesyl cysteine: carboxyl methyltransferase. Yeast. 1993 Aug;9(8):907-13. DOI:10.1002/yea.320090810 |
3. Kofahl B and Klipp E. Modelling the dynamics of the yeast pheromone pathway. Yeast. 2004 Jul 30;21(10):831-50. DOI:10.1002/yea.1122 |
4. Banuett F. Signalling in the yeasts: an informational cascade with links to the filamentous fungi. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998 Jun;62(2):249-74. DOI:10.1128/MMBR.62.2.249-274.1998 |
5. Bardwell L. A walk-through of the yeast mating pheromone response pathway. Peptides. 2004 Sep;25(9):1465-76. DOI:10.1016/j.peptides.2003.10.022 |