PVOH Film
- Ingredients
- 1 g PVOH + 0.5 mL 8% glutaraldehyde in 12 mL water
- 1 g PVOH + 0.1 g bentonite powder + 0.5 mL glutaraldehyde in 12 mL water
- 1 g PVOH + variable amount of a crosslinking agent (either equivalent moles of glyoxal or a different quantity of glutaraldehyde) w/o clay
- Stir at 300 rpm and heat at 70 degree celsius until PVOH and bentonite totally dissolved in the solution
- Pour the solution to a Teflon disk
1. PVOH + Glutaraldehyde
- 1 g PVOH + 0.5 mL 8% glutaraldehyde
- Mass of PVOH measured: 1.0040 g
2. PVOH + Clay + Glutaraldehyde
- 1 g PVOH + 0.1 g bentonite powder + 0.5 mL glutaraldehyde
3. PVOH + Clay + Glyoxal
- 1 g PVOH + 0.1 g bentonite powder + 0.5 mL glutaraldehyde + 0.0553 mL glyoxal
- Mass of PVOH meassured: 1.0060 g
- Mass of Bentonite meassured: 0.1001 g
- Volumn of glyoxal meassured: 0.0553 mL
- Density of glutaraldehyde = 1.06 g/mL
- Molar mass of glutaraldehyde = 100.117 g/mol
- Amount of 8% glutaraldehyde in 0.5 mL = 0.5*(1.06/100.117)*0.08 = 4.235*10^-4 mol
- Amount of glyoxal needed = 4.235*10^-4 mol
- Density of glyoxal = 1.27 g/mL
- Molar mass of glyoxal = 58.04 g/mol
- Volumn of glyoxal needed = (4.235*10^-4)/(1.27/58.04)/0.35 = 0.0553 mL
Prepare stock solutions
1. 100 mL 200 ppm Malachite Green
- Add 0.02 g of MG to 100 mL of DI water
- 200ppm = 200 mg/L
- Mass of MG powder: 100mL*1L/1000mL*200mg/1L = 20mg
- Mass of MG measured: 0.02003g
2. 100 mL 3 wt% bentonite
- Add 3g bentonite to 97mL of water
- Density of water is 1g/mL
- 100mL* 1g/mL = 100g
- 3% of 100g is 3g
- Measured mass of bentonite:
100mL of 3%wt NaMT
- 3g NaMT added to 97mL water
3. 200 mL water + 40 g Na2SO4 + 4 mL H2SO4 (conc.)
- Put chemicals together and stir
4. 250 mL 1.0 M HCl solution
- Add 20mL of conc. HCl to 230 mL of deionized water
- 12.1 M HCl (conc.)
- M1V1=M2V2 => 12.1 M HCl * V1 = 1.0 M * 250mL => V1 = 20.8 mL
5. 250 mL 0.2 M sodium bicarbonate solution
- Add 4.2g NaHCO3 to 250mL water
- Mr of NaHCO3: 84.007 g/mol
- Amount of NaHCO3: 250mL * 1L/1000mL*0.2 mol/L= 0.05 mol NaHCO3
- Mass of NaHCO3: 0.05 NaHCO3 * 84.007 g/mol = 4.2 g NaHCO3
Pipettes Accuracy Test
- Glass vial and cap were weighed
- p-200 pipette was set to 200µL.
- 200µL of distilled water were pipetted and placed in vial. Vial and water was measured. This step was repeated six times for six different measurements.
- Data (table made by Dominique)
Pipette Accuracy Data
Pipette
|
Mass of water + Vial + Previous Water Mass (g)
|
Mass of water (g)
|
p-10 (5 measures)
Mass of Vial: 14.86452g
Done by Sarah
|
14.91830
|
0.05378
|
14.9664
|
0.04814
|
15.01317
|
0.04673
|
15.06537
|
0.05220
|
15.12257
|
0.05720
|
15.16976
|
0.04719
|
p-200
Mass of Vial: 14.98395g
|
15.18007
|
0.19612
|
15.38455
|
0.020448
|
15.58249
|
0.19794
|
15.78102
|
0.19853
|
15.97933
|
0.19831
|
16.16458
|
0.18525
|
p-1000
Mass of Vial: 14.88254g
Done by Anh
|
16.01650
|
1.13396
|
16.98485
|
0.96835
|
17.95782
|
0.97297
|
18.95590
|
0.99808
|
19.94660
|
0.99070
|
20.94070
|
0.99410
|
Conductivity and pH of water
- A vial of each kind of water was filled with water and the pH and Conductivity meters were used to measure the pH and conductivity of each.
- Data
- Observation
Fluorescence of Water
|