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BME100 f2014:Group4 L4: Difference between revisions
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<!-- Add a write-up, essay-style, organized into paragraphs with descriptive headers, based on the questions and answers from the Research and Development exercise. BONUS points: Use a program like Powerpoint, Word, Illustrator, Microsoft Paint, etc. to illustrate how primers bind to the cancer DNA template, and how Taq polymerases amplify the DNA. Screen-captures from the PCR video/ tutorial might be useful. Be sure to '''credit the sources''' if you borrow images. You are not allowed to use images from current or past BME 100 students' reports on OpenWetWare. --> | <!-- Add a write-up, essay-style, organized into paragraphs with descriptive headers, based on the questions and answers from the Research and Development exercise. BONUS points: Use a program like Powerpoint, Word, Illustrator, Microsoft Paint, etc. to illustrate how primers bind to the cancer DNA template, and how Taq polymerases amplify the DNA. Screen-captures from the PCR video/ tutorial might be useful. Be sure to '''credit the sources''' if you borrow images. You are not allowed to use images from current or past BME 100 students' reports on OpenWetWare. --> | ||
'''PCR Components'''<br> | |||
There are three major components in a polymerase chain reaction. The first components needed are the primers which are short single stranded DNA sequences. These two primers are synthesized to match and copy the beginning and end of the DNA. The second component needed is the polymerase enzyme that reads the DNA code and builds a copy. The last component needed for the chain reaction is DNA so that the polymerase enzyme can copy. | |||
'''PCR Process'''<br> | |||
There are three major steps involved in a polymerase chain reaction, and these steps were repeated 35 times to generate and create DNA copies exponentially. The first step is called Denaturation, which is when the double-stranded DNA melts and separates into two single-stranded pieces of DNA at 94° C. The second step is called Annealing and this occurs at temperatures around 54° C. During the Annealing step the primers pair up to the single-stranded DNA pieces and the polymerase enzyme attaches and starts the DNA code copying. The last step is the extension step and that occurs optimally at 72° C where the DNA template is coupled with the primer and creates a double-strand DNA string. | |||
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