Ryan N. Willhite Week 2
Objective
To explain the biological phenomena utilizing genes. We are finding out how flower color is inherited.
Methods/Observations
- In the task section, I have followed the directions by crossing both Green-1 and White in the greenhouse. This is tray-1.
- I mutated an organism (tray 6)as well as self-crossed (tray 2,5)one organism and there are seemingly more green than white.
- Other trays are crossing two organisms.
- Green 2- creates yellow, blue, and green when self crossed.
- Purple showed up in tray 9 when crossing the two organisms red and green-2.
- A lot of self-crossing led to only blue and purple flowers from self crossing purple flowers until tray 23.
(work not saved, program was not responding).
- crossed two organisms, green-2 and red in greenhouse.
- self-crossed 2-20 (4b,10p,5r)
- self-crossed 3-18, narrowed the colors down to (10b,10p,3r)
- cross 4-7x3-5, nothing special found.
- self crossing 6-20 gave all blue (solid color)
- any self crossing in this new group of all blue give all blue offspring.
- mating blue and red in greenhouse gave purple and blue.
- mutant variants of 17-13, found new color, black that was added to greenhouse.
- 18-11 aka black, was self-crossed and produced an orange color.
- orange self cross gives all orange, like the blue.
- green1 gives a solid green color while green2 gives different colors.
- crossing purpleXwhite gave blue and red.
- whiteXgreen2 gave yellow and blue.
- mutant of 15-20 or yellow gave yellow and white.
- blue is dominant, so is green1.
- purple and white give off red and blue offspring.
- green and green= green
- white and green= green
- red and green= black
- green and blue= green
- green and yellow= green
- red and white= red
- blue and blue= blue
- red and blue= purple
- red and yellow= orange
- yellow and white= yellow
Results
Genotype: * c^g c^g, c^w c^w, c^r c^r, c^b c^b, c^r c^y, c^y c^y, c^r c^b, c^r c^g
Phenotype: *Green, White, Red, Blue, Orange, Yellow, Purple, and Black
Starting Material
- Green1- CgCg
- Green2- CyCb
- Red- CrCw
- White- CwCw
- Constructed a purple flower by mating a blue pure-breeding flower with a red pure breeding flower.
Can you construct a pure-breeding purple flower using only the four starting strains? Why or why not?
- It was not possible to construct a pure-breeding purple flower. This was especially not possible because the starting flowers present were only two greens as well as a red and white, therefore the blue was not present to create a
purple flower. There could be a possibility of a mutation that can cause this but as far as recent experimentation it is still considered very rare to impossible.
Make mutant versions of any strain you like. Find one with an unusual color. Find out which alleles are present and if any are new mutant alleles. Define any new mutant alleles you’ve generated and their dominance/recessivity relationships with the white allele.
- mutant strain included the color orange (c^r c^y). Others included black (c^r c^g) , and purple (c^r c^b). These colors are dominant to white.
- New allele: color orange is dominant to white
Specific Tasks
(b) Green is dominant, White is recessive
(c)
Cg Cw Cr Cb Cy
Cg Green Green Black Green Green
Cw Green White Red Blue Yellow
Cr Black Red Red Purple Orange
Cb Green Blue Purple Blue Green
Cy Green Yellow Orange Green Yellow
(d) c^r, c^g, c^w genotypes of the starting materials.
(e) red+blue creates a purple flower (c^r c^b)
(f) A purple flower cannot be constructed using only the starting materials.
(g)
- It is easier to mutate from color to white because white will continue to give more white.
- new colors by mutation: black, orange, and purple
Interpretations
Overall, after viewing the results, it is quite clear that a pure breeding purple flower cannot be made except through mutation. A few flowers were derived through mutation or mating of quite different colors. Some came about that were completely random and not at all expected such as the black color. Green-2 was also quite an interesting flower because that is how the purple flower was first derived originally before finding that a true breeding blue flower and red could create purple. A lot of observations were made and through these observations several discoveries utilizing the program gave some insight as to what it would take to inherit a certain color.
