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Recent research into selectable genetic markers has looked into pathways that avoid employing antibiotic and herbicidal resistance. This is due to rising concern over "wild" strains of bacteria or plants developing antibiotic or herbicidal resistance and proliferating rapidly in nature. Even in a laboratory environment, avoiding the resistance approach towards selectable markers can prove beneficial. | Recent research into selectable genetic markers has looked into pathways that avoid employing antibiotic and herbicidal resistance. This is due to rising concern over "wild" strains of bacteria or plants developing antibiotic or herbicidal resistance and proliferating rapidly in nature. Even in a laboratory environment, avoiding the resistance approach towards selectable markers can prove beneficial. | ||
A novel approach towards selectable markers was developed in Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, which employes a toxin/antitoxin combination of genes as a marker. The process, summarized in the figure to the left, effectively avoids the need to grow antibiotic resistant bacterial cultures on an antibiotic plate. An inducible zeta-toxin group is first introduced into an E. coli strain. A DNA strand of interest containing an zeta-antitoxin group is then transformed into the E. coli, and the entire culture is grown. The zeta-toxin is then induced, killing off all E. coli that does not contain the antitoxin group. | A novel approach towards selectable markers was developed in Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, which employes a toxin/antitoxin combination of genes as a marker. The process, summarized in the figure to the left, effectively avoids the need to grow antibiotic resistant bacterial cultures on an antibiotic plate. An inducible zeta-toxin group of proteins is first introduced into an E. coli strain. A DNA strand of interest containing an zeta-antitoxin group is then transformed into the E. coli, and the entire culture is grown. The zeta-toxin group is then induced, killing off all E. coli that does not contain the antitoxin group. Besides for triggering the zeta-toxin group, no outside influence is required to select for the desired cells<cite>Parsons2011</cite>. | ||
==Types of Screening== | ==Types of Screening== | ||
[[Image:Blue white test.jpg|thumb|right|Successful example of a blue/white screen test. Blue colonies are wild-type cells, while white colonies are successfully transformed cells]] | [[Image:Blue white test.jpg|thumb|right|Successful example of a blue/white screen test. Blue colonies are wild-type cells, while white colonies are successfully transformed cells]] | ||
