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== | ==One-liners with GNU tools== | ||
* | |||
* '''Toolbox''': often available by default on many computers running GNU/Linux | |||
** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bash_%28Unix_shell%29 Bash] | |||
** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AWK AWK] | |||
** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grep grep] | |||
** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sed sed] | |||
** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Core_Utilities GNU coreutils] (head, tail, cut, uniq, sort, tr, ...) | |||
* '''Tutorials''': | |||
** [http://en.flossmanuals.net/command-line/index/ Introduction to the command-line] | |||
** [http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/aix/library/au-unixtext/index.html Introduction to text manipulation on UNIX-based systems] by Brad Yoes (IBM) | |||
* '''Skip a subset of successive lines''': | |||
for i in {1..10}; do echo $i; done | sed 3,6d | |||
* '''Extract a subset of successive lines''': | |||
$ for i in {1..20}; do echo $i; done | sed -n 3,5p | |||
* '''Use absolute values:''' | |||
$ for i in {-5..5}; do echo $i; done | awk 'function abs(x){return (((x < 0.0) ? -x : x) + 0.0)} {print abs($1)}' | |||
* '''Extract the best snp per gene''': | |||
$ echo -e "gene\tsnp\tpvalue\ng1\ts1\t0.3\ng1\ts2\t0.002\ng2\ts2\t0.7\ng2\ts3\t0.05" > dat.txt | |||
gene snp pvalue | |||
g1 s1 0.3 | |||
g1 s2 0.002 | |||
g2 s2 0.7 | |||
g2 s3 0.05 | |||
$ cat dat.txt | sed 1d | sort -k1,1 -k3,3 | awk '{print $3"\t"$2"\t"$1}' | uniq -f2 | |||
g1 s2 0.002 | |||
g2 s3 0.05 | |||
* '''Loop over pairs''': | |||
$ subgroups=("s1" "s2" "s3" "s4"); for i in {0..2}; do let a=$i+1; for j in $(seq $a 3); do s1=${subgroups[$i]}; s2=${subgroups[$j]}; echo $s1 $s2; done; done | |||
* '''Convert file from fasta to fastq''': we can use the built-in variable "RS" ([http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/gawk.html#Records split records]) and use "split" ([http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/gawk.html#String-Functions string function]): | |||
<nowiki> | |||
$ awk 'BEGIN{RS=">"} {if(NF==0)next; split($0,a,"\n"); printf "@"a[1]"\n"a[2]"\n+\n"; \ | |||
for(i=1;i<=length(a[2]);i++)printf "}"; printf"\n"}' probes.fa > probes.fq | |||
</nowiki> | |||
* '''Sort a file with header line''': that is, we don't want the first line to be sorted | |||
$ echo -e "x\ty"; for i in {1..10}; do echo -e $i"\t"$RANDOM; done | (read -r; printf "%s\n" "$REPLY"; sort -k2,2n) | |||
* '''Get rows from a big file which are also in a small file''': example of using awk with 2 input files by loading the important information from the small file into an array in memory, then parsing the big file line by line and comparing each with the content of the array | |||
$ echo -e "gene\tsnp\tpvalue\ngene1\tsnp1\t0.002\ngene2\tsnp2\t0.8\ngene2\tsnp3\t0.1" > file_all.txt | |||
$ echo -e "gene1\tsnp1" > file_subset.txt | |||
$ awk 'NR==FNR{a[$1$2]++;next;}{x=$1$2;if(x in a)print $0}' file_subset.txt <(sed 1d file_all.txt) | |||
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One-liners with GNU tools
for i in {1..10}; do echo $i; done | sed 3,6d
$ for i in {1..20}; do echo $i; done | sed -n 3,5p
$ for i in {-5..5}; do echo $i; done | awk 'function abs(x){return (((x < 0.0) ? -x : x) + 0.0)} {print abs($1)}'
$ echo -e "gene\tsnp\tpvalue\ng1\ts1\t0.3\ng1\ts2\t0.002\ng2\ts2\t0.7\ng2\ts3\t0.05" > dat.txt gene snp pvalue g1 s1 0.3 g1 s2 0.002 g2 s2 0.7 g2 s3 0.05 $ cat dat.txt | sed 1d | sort -k1,1 -k3,3 | awk '{print $3"\t"$2"\t"$1}' | uniq -f2 g1 s2 0.002 g2 s3 0.05
$ subgroups=("s1" "s2" "s3" "s4"); for i in {0..2}; do let a=$i+1; for j in $(seq $a 3); do s1=${subgroups[$i]}; s2=${subgroups[$j]}; echo $s1 $s2; done; done
$ awk 'BEGIN{RS=">"} {if(NF==0)next; split($0,a,"\n"); printf "@"a[1]"\n"a[2]"\n+\n"; \ for(i=1;i<=length(a[2]);i++)printf "}"; printf"\n"}' probes.fa > probes.fq
$ echo -e "x\ty"; for i in {1..10}; do echo -e $i"\t"$RANDOM; done | (read -r; printf "%s\n" "$REPLY"; sort -k2,2n)
$ echo -e "gene\tsnp\tpvalue\ngene1\tsnp1\t0.002\ngene2\tsnp2\t0.8\ngene2\tsnp3\t0.1" > file_all.txt $ echo -e "gene1\tsnp1" > file_subset.txt $ awk 'NR==FNR{a[$1$2]++;next;}{x=$1$2;if(x in a)print $0}' file_subset.txt <(sed 1d file_all.txt)
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