OpenSourceMalaria:GSK Arylpyrrole Series

Malaria Home        OSM So Far        Compound Series        Links        Open Source Research Home        Tech Ops        FAQ       

The Arylpyrrole Series

This page contains a summary of all the data associated with arylpyrrole series ("Series 1") of the Open Source Malaria project. A more human-readable summary is available. For higher-level information, see the OSM Landing Page

The two subseries have the general structure:

• TCMDC Aryl pyrrole core InChi Key: LNROIXNEIZSESG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Near-Neighbour core InChi Key: JZQOEGKHCXONAV-ZROIWOOFSA-N

GSK Tres Cantos Arylpyrrole Generic Structure

Near Neighbour Generic Structure

A number of these compounds and intermediates are available for biological testing from by request (contact information on the Landing Page). If you would like to contribute new analogs, please check the list of desired compounds.

The Two Known TCMDC Series Starting Points

Compounds are commercially-available

Series was released in a large dataset by GSK and later listed as one of the most promising leads from TCAMS set (though lacking aryl F)

TCMDC 123812

TCMDC123812

InChI=1/C15H15FN2O3/c1-9-7-13(15(20)21-8-14(17)19)10(2)18(9)12-5-3-11(16)4-6-12/h3-7H,8H2,1-2H3,(H2,17,19)
SMILES: O=C(N)COC(=O)c2c(n(c1ccc(F)cc1)c(c2)C)C
CAS Registry Number: 733026-12-5
Chemspider page
ChEMBL Page
Resynthesis:

TCMDC 123794

TCMDC123794

InChI=1/C26H25FN4O4/c1-16-14-22(17(2)30(16)20-12-10-19(27)11-13-20)26(34)35-15-23(32)28-24-18(3)29(4)31(25(24)33)21-8-6-5-7-9-21/h5-14H,15H2,1-4H3,(H,28,32)
SMILES: Fc1ccc(cc1)n2c(cc(c2C)C(=O)OCC(=O)NC=4C(=O)N(c3ccccc3)N(C=4C)C)C
Chemspider page
ChEMBL Page
Resynthesis:

The proposed resynthesis strategy for these two compounds:

Proposed Synthesis Strategy

The Near-Neighbour Sub-series

Known "Near Neighbours" contained in the Tres Cantos set

The original idea for investigation of the near-neighbour set came from Paul Willis and was posted on the synaptic leap.

Known GSK Arylpyrrole Near Neighbours

Data/links for these compounds:

TCMDC-123563, CHEMBL546966, CHEMBL page: 637010 Cc1ccc(cc1)n2c(cc(c2C)C(=O)CN3C(=O)C(NC3=O)Cc4ccccc4)C

TCMDC-125698, CHEMBL587989, CHEMBL: 627784 Cc1cc(c(n1c2ccc(cc2)Cl)C)C=C3C(=O)N(C(=Nc4ccccc4)S3)C5CCCC5

TCMDC-125697, CHEMBL581336, CHEMBL: 640978 CCOC(=O)c1ccc(cc1)n2c(cc(c2C)C=C3C(=O)N(C(=Nc4ccccc4)S3)C5CCCC5)C

TCMDC-125659, CHEMBL528140, CHEMBL: 626220 Cc1ccnc(c1)n2c(cc(c2C)C=C3C(=O)N(C(=Nc4ccccc4)S3)Cc5ccco5)C

TCMDC-124103, CHEMBL588465, CHEMBL: 643107 Cc1cc(cc(c1)n2c(cc(c2C)C=C3C(=O)NC(=Nc4ccc(cc4)Cl)S3)C)C

TCMDC-124456, CHEMBL548395, CHEMBL: 640006 CCn1c(cc(c1C)C=C2C(=O)NC(=Nc3ccccc3)S2)C

Initial synthesis strategy toward near-neighbours

Initial synthesis of near neighbours

Experimental information available from PMY 13-1, PMY 14-1 and PMY 16-1, PMY 14-3.

Current synthesis strategy toward near-neighbours

Current synthesis of near neighbours

Synthesis method taken from this paper.

Alternative side-chains

Some alternative heterocyclic side-chain ideas have been proposed here at the Synaptic Leap.

Oxazoles

The [1] side chain would target ester isosteres (see TCMDC-123812) but with greater biological stability.

• Synthesis: oxazole synthesis
• Pyrrole core acid to amide: Amide Synthesis

Other known incidences of these molecules/this series

Related compounds are known to inhibit the proteasome, according to this Nature paper. There is a related set of slides from a company, Progenra. The lead compound (IU1, CAS 314245-33-5) is commercially available.

According to this paper, similar compounds are agonists of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor subtypes 1-5, which have a role in immune system function.

A new class of antimalarial was recently published by Novartis, Imidazolopiperazines.

Misc papers to digest/assimilate regarding antimycobacterial/tuberculosis activity: Antimycobacterial 1,5-diphenyl pyrroles, 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.06.005, 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.09.006, 10.1002/cmdc.201000526

ChEMBL-NTD

Searches on ChEMBL-NTD reveal:

• 19 iminothiazolidinones
• 55 2,5-dialkylpyrroles
• 58 rhodanines. These do not contain any biological data, presumably omitted due to promiscuity/PAINS issues.

Scifinder Search: 2,4,5-alkyl-1-aryl-pyrrole: 77552 hits, 905 biological studies:

WO 2011127333 (A2)

CXCR4 active compound

US 2011251184 (A1)

HDAC6 inhibitor

Obesity/diabetes GIP receptor inhibitor JP 2011184298 (A)

GIP inhibitor

Proteasome WO 2011094545 (A2)

Proteasome agonist

WO2006076202 Steroid nuclear receptor ligands

WO 2011075684 (A1) Inhibitors of Plasma Kallikrein/Protease

WO 2009137133 (A2) 5-Substituted-2-Imino-Thiazolidinone Compounds And Their Use As Inhibitors Of Bacterial Infection

Bacterial inhibitor

Synthetic Routes to Analogs Proposed By Others

The CRO Asclepia, via Frederik Doroose, contributed these synthetic routes to the project:

sD and sI compounds: Word file. sC, sD, sF, sJ, sI: Word file. Note prices are for S/M and should not be taken as a quote value.

Biology

Malaria Assays

In vitro

Current tested compounds and their biological activities are summarised on a Google spreadsheet

The results are collected on malaria.ourexperiment.org.

In vivo

TCMDC-123812, TCMDC-123794 and near neighbour ZYH 3-1 have been submitted for study oral in vivo mouse model. Unfortunately it was found that the compounds possess zero oral efficacy (Results available here) in this initial trial.

Mode of action

In silico prediction

In silico prediction of targets has been carried out by Iain Wallace and summarised by Mat on the synaptic leap. Detail on the procedure is given on the ELN. The following targets were identified from data derived from the ChEMBL database:

• Carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 1
• Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH)[in progress at GSK Tres Cantos]
• SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 2
• SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1
• Cyclin-dependent kinase 1

Collaborators are invited to investigate these targets to confirm if these are targeted by our compounds.

In vitro

GSK Tres Cantos have offered to assay our compounds against dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH).