Biomod/2012/TU Dresden/Nanosaurs/Project/Vesicles: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:58, 27 October 2012

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$(function() { $( "#tabs" ).tabs(); }); </script> <style> div.img_gbox {

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} </style> <div id="tabs" class="tabs-bottom"> <ul> <li><a href="#tabs-1">Lipid Vesicles</a></li> <li><a href="#tabs-2">Single oligonucleotides experiments</a></li> <li><a href="#tabs-3">Gel Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="#tabs-4">DNA origami experiments</a></li> </ul> <div class="tabs-spacer"></div> <div id="tabs-1"> <h2>Overview</h2> <p>In the very early stages of our project, we decided that our central “tethering species” would be Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs). We would then attach several DNA origami structures to GUVs via cholesterol modified DNA oligonucleotides. The structure encloses oligonucleotic “catcher strands” and is initially locked by means of an aptamer lock. When a ligand specific to the aptamer is introduced into the system the origami structure would open to reveal these catcher strands. Target species in the solution, which have “receiver strands” complementary to the catcher strands, can then get tethered to the GUVs when the catcher and receiver strands hybridize. We decided that our ideal system would contain Large Unilamellar Vesicles (LUVs) as the “tethered target species”.</p> <div id="guv_vid"> <iframe width="480" height="360" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/uJj4Ul6Q9OA?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> <h3>Introduction</h3>

<p>We decided to start with a simple system consisting of single stranded DNA oligonucleotides on both the “tethering” and “target” species until the DNA origami structures were fabricated .Based on previous research work (Beales P A, Vanderlick T K (2007), Specific Binding of Different Vesicle Populations by the Hybridization of Membrane-Anchored DNA. J Phys Chem A 111, 12372-12380), we assumed that the optimal number of anchored oligonucleotide strands per lipid molecule in the vesicles’ membrane was of, 5* 10-3 for GUVs and 4*10-4 for LUVs.</p>

<h3>Materials</h3>

<p>The giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) were prepared using electroformation (Hyperlink) and the large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) were prepared using rehydration and extrusion (Hyperlink). The composition of both of the phospholipid vesicles was the same and consists of 1, 2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). The charged vesicles had in addition varying volume amounts (0%-10%) of 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DOPS). For some experiments the lipids were labeled with fluorescent dyes, Fast-DiO with an emission at 488 nm and DiD with an emission at 647 nm. There were two different versions of the SLB buffer (Hyperlink) depending on the experiments. The single stranded oligonucleotides experiments were with SLB; meanwhile for the origami experiments the SLB buffer included magnesium.</p>

<p>Our cholesterol-modified oligonucleotides were three: catcher A (tethering oligonucleotide used only for the experiments with single stranded oligonucleotides (Hyperlink)), anchor-complementary (part of the double-stranded tethering oligonucleotide for the origami structure (Hyperlink)), catcher-complementary (oligonucleotide for the LUVs as target species (Hyperlink)).The only non-cholesterol-modified oligonuclotide used was named as “receiver A” since it consisted in the complementary strand for catcher A. Receiver A was modified depending on the target molecule used for the experiments with single stranded oligonucleotides. The target species were Streptavidin-conjugated Quantum dots 625, Alexa 488, Alexa 488-conjugated Streptavidin and finally LUVs.</p>

<p>The experiments were carried out in multiwell plates, each well having a total volume of 40µl. Before using the imaging wells, we incubated for at least 30 minutes with a solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Hyperlink) which was removed previously to setting the experiments. The imaging was done using Zeiss LSM 780 CC3 (Hyperlink) and the pictures were taken at the equatorial plane of the vesicles.</p>

<h3>Experimental procedure</h3>

<ol> <li>GUVs electroformation</li> <li>Well pasivation (Hyperlink)</li> <li>GUVs observation under the light microscope (checking the stability)</li> <li>Target species preparation:</li> <ol type="a"> <li>LUVs formation and calibration (Hyperlink).</li> <li>Streptavidin-biotin interaction: the biotinylated receiver A oligonuclotide were incubated for 10 min with Quantum dot 625-Streptavidin or Alexa 488-Streptavidin (Hyperlink).</li> </ol> <li>Anchoring of cholesterol-modified DNA oligonucleotides:</li> <ol type="a"> <li>To GUVs and LUVs: the vesicles were incubated at room temperature for a period of two hours with the corresponding cholesterol oligos. At the end of this process, most strands were anchored to the lipid vesicles</li> NOTE: for the experiments with origami previous to the anchoring, the cholesterol-modified anchor-complementary oligonucleotides were incubated for 30 min to hybridize with the corresponding origami structure. </ol> <li>Hybridization: the target species were mixed with the GUVs and incubated overnight.</li> <li>The well was then imaged using Zeiss LSM 780 CC3 inverse confocal microscope.</li> </ol> </div> <div id="tabs-2"> <h2>Experiments with single stranded oligonucleotides</h2> <p>Our tethering species were always GUVs. Since the previous data on the optimal concentration of the oligos on the vesicles were available only for homogenous systems (consisting either GUVs or LUVs), we started with simple tethered target species (fluorophores) to find the optimal concentration of the components and moved on to our final target (LUVs). The tethering and target systems used in this first stage were the catcher A strands and receiver A strands respectively. The molar ratio between the tethering and target oligos was always kept as 1:1.</p>

<h3>Alexa labeled DNA oligonucleoides as target species</h3>

<p>In the first set of experiments, receiver A strands labeled with Alexa 488 were used as the target species. The protocol for the labeling procedure can be found here (Hyperlink). In the control experiments, no catcher A strands were used. On imaging along the focal plane, clear distinguishable fluorescent rings were observed around the GUVs. Such rings were not observed in the control wells. This clearly indicated that the receiver A strands were hybridizing with the catcher A strands, resulting in such rings.</p> <div class="clear"></div>

<div class="img_gal" style="width:400px:"> <h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/17/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a1/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species_s.png" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/92/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species_CONTROL.png" href="big pic"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/12/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species_CONTROL_s.png" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with Alexa 488-receiver A</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b8/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7b/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 488 excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9d/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmitted light</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Control experiment w/o catcher A</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/56/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 488 excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/10/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div>

<h3>Alexa 488 labeled Streptavidin molecules as target species</h3> <p>Subsequently, Streptavidin labeled with Alexa-488 was used as the target species. In the control experiments, no catcher A strands were added. Fluorescent rings were also present around the GUVs.. The control wells didn’t present such rings. This confirmed that it was possible to hybridize more than just oligonucleotides.</p> <div class="clear"></div>

<div class="img_gal" style="width:400px:"> <h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5d/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/8e/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_species_s.png" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f8/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png" href="big pic"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2c/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with Strept-Alexa 488-receiver A</h4>

<div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f2/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 488 excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/28/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9a/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmitted light</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Control experiment w/o catcher A</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="big picture" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/95/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa _488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0d/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 488 excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/92/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2f/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div>

<h3>Quantum dot 625-Streptavidin as target species</h3> <p>Then we decided to use Quantum dots (QD) since they not only have a high quantum yield but also do not bleach and could provide better quality of images. The QD-625 has an emission maximum at 625nm. It has a size of around 25nm. Biotinylated receiver A was first hybridized with QD-Strep, QD-Strep-receiver A, and then later this complex was added to the GUVs bearing chol-catcher A oligos. The controls did not contain the chol-catcher A oligos on the GUVs. The molar ratio of chol-catcher A : Biotinylated-receiver A : QD-Strep = 1:1:0.5 was used. As opposed to the previous results, a fluoresdent ring around the vesicles was not observed. Even more puzzling was the fact that we could not see the QD in solution.</p> <div class="clear"></div>

<div class="img_gal" style="width:400px:"> <h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/30/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0c/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species_s.png" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e8/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f5/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with QD-Strep-receiver A</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/53/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/6f/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDred_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">QD excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c7/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDtrans_s.jpg" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmitted light</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div>

<div id="tabs-3"> <h2>Gel Analysis</h2> <p>After an unsuccessful approach of visualizing the quantum dots, we decided to check the efficiency of oligo-oligo hybridization and binding to streptavidin coated quantum dots on PAGE. The entire set of the experiments below was performed in 12% PA gel (protocol 1-hyperlink).</p>

<div class="img_right img_link"><a rel="lightbox" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a2/BM12_nanosaurs_1stgel.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e0/1stgel.jpg"></a></div> <h3>Biotinylation and Streptavidin binding</h3> <p>First we checked an efficiency of biotinylation of oligos complementary to cholesterol-coupled oligos. For the gel experiments, oligos without cholesterol were used. There was a shift in the bands between the control oligos and the biotinylated oligo. Also the efficient binding of biotinylated oligo to streptavidin (in lane 4) was observed.</p> <h6>Efficiency of biotinylation reaction. From left: oligo, biotynylated oligo, oligo+streptavidin, biotynylated-oligo+streptavidin</h6>

<h3>Optimal QD-Oligo ratio</h3> <p>In order to optimize the ratio of quantum dots to the oligonucleotides, different ratios of quantum dots were applied to constant amount of oligonucleotides (70ng). The optimal molar ratio of oligonucleotides to quantum dots was found to be 2:1 since the amount of oligonucleotides not bound to quantum dots was less and also to have a high probability that a single quantum dot is bound by just two oligonucleotides. The other lanes have more free oligonucleotides and therefore would lead to more unspecific binding in solution.</p> <div class="img_left img_link"><a rel="lightbox" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5f/BM12_nanosaurs_2ndgel.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/fa/2ndgel.jpg"></a> </div> <h6>From left: oligonucleotide w/o biotin+QD; Ratio biotinylated-oligonucleotides:QDs 1:1,2:1, 3:1, 5:1,7:1, 10:1.</h6> <div class="clear"></div>

<h3>Oligo and Quantum dot hybridization</h3> <div class="img_right img_link"><a rel="lightbox" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_3rdgel.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/3rdgel.jpg"></a></div> <p>Finally, the complete system used for the experiments (in 3.1.) (hyperlink) was checked on the gel. The results show that catcher A hybridizes with receiver A with high efficiency. However when QD was added, efficiency drops down significantly.</p> <h6>From left: catcher A, biotinylated catcher A-complementary and catcher A + Qds added 30 min later, biotinylated catcher A-complementary and Qds incubated separately + catcher A added 30 min later, biotinylated catcher A-complementary + catcher A </h6> <div class="clear"></div>

<h3>Spectral analysis of Quantum dots</h3> <p>We were facing some difficulties in observing the quantum dots both in solution and on the lipid membranes. A poor signal was observed even at high laser powers in confocal microscopy. The PA gels proved that there was no problem with the hybridization of QDs to biotinylated-oligos. Therefore, pure QDt samples of different concentrations were prepared and directly observed on cover slips and bright QDs at relatively low laser power could be observed. Then, we obtained the spectra of these QDs by doing a fluorescence emission scan (excited at 458nm). A peak signal was observed at 615-625nm which is consistent to the QD manufacturer specifications used. When the same analysis was done with our vesicles samples mentioned before, we found that the spectra was not the same as of the QDs due to the background fluorescence of the contaminated lipids samples at high laser powers. This prompted us to increase the concentration of the quantum dots from 0.1 nM to 10 nM. Subsequently, the concentration of the cholesterol-modified oligonucleotides was increased 50-fold.</p>

<div class="img_gal"> <h4>Fluorescent emission scan</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="DNA origami - front view" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LIVECOLOUR.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/ce/BM12_nanosaurs_LIVECOLOUR_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">False colour</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="DNA origami - side view" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/ff/BM12_nanosaurs_BRGHTFIELD.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c0/BM12_nanosaurs_BRGHTFIELD_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Bright field</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/cd/BM12_nanosaurs_MAXEM625.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/cf/BM12_nanosaurs_MAXEM625_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Maximum emission at 625nm</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Vesicles sample</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c6/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISE.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/85/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISE_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Background lipids signal</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e5/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISEtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b0/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISEtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Bright field</div></a> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div>

<h3>Quantum dot 625-Streptavidin as target species (Higher concentration)</h3> <p>With the concentration mentioned before, bright fluorescent rings were observed around the GUVs and none in the controls. Thus, we were able to target a large species like quantum dots on the vesicles.</p> <div class="clear"></div>

<div class="img_gal"> <h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/48/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50x.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/99/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50x_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5b/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50xCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b6/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50xCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with 50x concentration of QD</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/28/BM12_nanosaurs_QDexcited.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5a/BM12_nanosaurs_QDexcited_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">QD excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ee/BM12_nanosaurs_QDtransmlight.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f9/BM12_nanosaurs_QDtransmlight_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Control experiment with 50x concentration of QD w/o catcher A</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/67/BM12_nanosaurs_QDcont.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/73/BM12_nanosaurs_QDcont_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">QD excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c8/BM12_nanosaurs_QDconttrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/83/BM12_nanosaurs_QDconttrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div id="tabs-4"> <h2>Experiments with DNA Origami</h2>

<p>We then proceeded with the experiments using our DNA origami structure. To prevent unspecific binding, we used GUVs with 10 mol% negative lipid species of DOPS for all the experiments. The anchor-complementary and catcher-complementary oligonucleotides were used for these experiments.</p>

<h3>Vesicles with different amounts of origami</h3>

<p>Various amounts of origami were used to find the optimum concentration required to visualize them on vesicles. We observed fluorescent rings around the GUVs with 4µl and 8µl of the assembled origami. It was decided to use 8µl (2.5 nM) of origami for further experiments since it gave a bright ring and also since we wanted to minimize our origami consumption. The controls did not have any origami.</p> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="img_gal"> <h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f4/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/cd/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/44/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origamiCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/52/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origamiCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with 4µl of DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/BM12_nanosaurs_4microlSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d2/BM12_nanosaurs_4microlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/61/BM12_nanosaurs_4microltransSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c4/BM12_nanosaurs_4microltransSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with 8µl of DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2SB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ee/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/50/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2transSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/84/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2transSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with 16µl of DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c4/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2SB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/73/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9e/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2transSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d3/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2transSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Control experiment w/o anchor-complementary oligos for 8µl</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d8/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controlSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/3a/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/17/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controltransSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/76/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controltransSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h3>Alexa 647 labeled catcher complementary DNA oligo strands as target species for the DNA origami structure</h3>

<p>After obtaining very promising results with the origami anchorage into the GUVs, we wanted to find out whether the catcher strands on the origami are able to hybridize with the catcher-complementary strands properly. We used Alexa 647-labeled (emission) catcher-complementary strands to hybridize with the origami catcher strands and the GUVs were labeled green (emission) with DiO. The control had the closed origami. We observed a strong ring around the GUVs with the open origami. In the control we observed no ring around the GUVs. With this positive result for the origami, the following step was to repeat the experiment using the LUVs targeting system.</p> <div class="clear"></div>

<div class="img_gal"> <h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="DNA origami - front view" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b6/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structure.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structure_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="DNA origami - front view" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5f/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structureCONTROLclosed.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/22/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structureCONTROLclosed_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up with closed DNA origami structure</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with open DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/19/BM12_nanosaurs_Catcher-compAlexa647%28excited%29SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/35/BM12_nanosaurs_Catcher-compAlexa647%28excited%29SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 647 labeled-catcher-complementary oligos excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/18/BM12_nanosaurs_OpenCy3origamiSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/01/BM12_nanosaurs_OpenCy3origamiSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Cy3 DNA origami excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/28/BM12_nanosaurs_GuvDiDSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1c/BM12_nanosaurs_GuvDiDSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO GUVs excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with closed DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7d/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLCatcher-compalexa647SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/56/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLCatcher-compalexa647SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 647 labeled-catcher-complementary oligos excitation </div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLguvsDiDSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/74/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLguvsDiDSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO GUVs excitation</div></a> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h3>LUVs with catcher complementary strands as target species</h3>

<p>After the positive results of the origami anchorage into the GUVs we proceeded to prove the correct hybridization of Fast-DiO fluorescent (Green) LUVs. The catcher-complementary strands anchored on the LUV surface were hybridized with the catcher strands on the Alexa 647-labeled origami structure in the open configuration. We included two controls, one with a closed origami and one without origami. We observed LUVs on the GUVs surface in both configurations of DNA origami and also in the control without the origami. The uncharged (without DOPS) LUVs tended to unspecifically bind with the GUVs.</p> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="img_gal"> <h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up with closed DNA origami structure</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up w/o DNA origami structure</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with open DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28DIOexcited%292SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28DIOexcited%292SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/73/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/be/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/62/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBtransp.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/ce/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBtransp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with closed DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a1/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/ad/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation </div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9b/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBred.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d3/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /> <div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/ba/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/02/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment w/o DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a1/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/ad/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO excitation of LUVs</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/81/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Alexa 647 excitation of DNA origami</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group4]" title="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/69/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBtrans.jpg" href=""><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h3>LUVs with 10 mol% negative charge (DOPS) with catcher complementary strands as target species</h3>

<p>When unspecific binding of uncharged LUVs was observed, we decided to use LUVs with 10 mol% negatively charged lipids (DOPS). In this case we did not observe unspecific binding neither in the samples with origami nor the control without origami.</p>

<div class="clear"></div> <div class="img_gal"> <h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up with closed DNA origami structure</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up w/o DNA origami structure</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with open DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/75/10%25LUVSPS_open.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_open_origamiSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/95/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_open_origamiSBtrans.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ee/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_open_origamiSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with closed DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/40/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBgreen.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/bd/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/98/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBtrans.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/6a/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment w/o DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBgreen.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/57/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/84/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBtransp.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f2/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBtransp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> </div>

<div class="clear"></div> <h3>GUVs with 10 mol% negative charge (DOPS) with catcher-complement strands as target species</h3>

<p>In parallel, we were trying to tether two classes of GUV. The LUVs in the previous experiment was replaced by GUVs. In the beginning GUVs only labeled in the same way with one dye were used. The control did not have the catcher-complement strands. The experiment brought surprising results. The vesicles seemed to be attracted to each other when the open origami structure was used. They seemed to change their shape in order to increase the contact area between them. We also noticed that the fluorescence in the interface between the tethered vesicles was much more intense than in the control hence suggesting that the interaction was mediated by the origami structure.</p>

<div class="clear"></div> <h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/51/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/de/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/54/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL1.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b9/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL1_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up w/o catcher-complementary oligonucleotides</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/23/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2d/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control set up with closed origami structure</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Experiment with open DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/87/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBhugging!!.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0b/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBhugging!!_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">DiD GUVs excitation </div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e6/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/b/bf/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Control, w/o catcher-complementary oligos</h4> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a8/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2c/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">DiD GUVs excitation </div></a> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/88/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/31/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <p>Encouraged by the results with uniformly labeled vesicles we had prepared two classes of vesicles stained either with red fluorescent dye (DID) or with green (DIO). In the controls without the catcher-complementary strands, the GUVs do not cluster and do not seem to attract each other.</p>

<div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b6/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/93/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO GUVs excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0b/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/26/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">DiD LUVs excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ec/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b2/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <p>But, we could also notice vesicles being attracted to each other with the closed origami structure. This led us to conclude that the structures are not totally closed.</p>

<div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e3/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%29.lsm_%28RGB%29.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/75/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%29.lsm_%28RGB%29_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control (closed DNA origami structure)</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/ff/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%292.lsm_%28RGB%29SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7d/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%292.lsm_%28RGB%29SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control (closed DNA origami structure)</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h3>LUVs with variable (3-7 mol%) negative charge (DOPS) with catcher complementary strands as target species</h3>

<p>We needed to optimize the amount of negative charge such that Fast-DiO labeled (Green) LUVs could interact with DiD labeled (Red) GUVs in the presence of origami, but not cluster in its absence. We started by preparing LUVs with 3 mol% DOPS. There were controls with the closed origami, without any origami and one more without origami but with the catcher-complementary. Bright rings were present in all the samples including the controls.</p>

<h4>Schemes</h4> <div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Set up</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control closed DNA origami structure</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Control no DNA origami structure</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Open origami 3%PS </h4> <div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/43/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origami_green.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/84/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origami_green_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0f/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origamitrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/8a/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origamitrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Control with closed DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/ca/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_closed_origamiSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e2/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_closed_origamiSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d1/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_closed_origamiSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Control with no DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2f/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSB.jpg"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/e/e2/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/dd/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/3e/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div>

<p>Hence, we needed to use a medial value between 3 and 10 mol% and therefore LUVs with 7 mol% DOPS were prepared and targeted by the Cy3-labeled origami on the GUV surface. The previous controls were repeated for this experiment also. Bright fluorescent rings were present in both the samples with open and closed origami structures, but it was not present in the control with catcher-complementary strands. Thus, we decided that the optimal negative charge of 7 mol% was required on the LUVs to screen the unspecific binding. Also, the reason for a fluorescent ring with the closed structure might be due to the fact that the origami is open and further corroborates the findings from the experiments with GUVs.</p>

<h4>Open origami 7%PS</h4> <div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/93/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/20/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9b/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBorange.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/14/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBorange_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Cy3 DNA origami excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/8f/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/dc/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">DiD excitation of GUV</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Control with closed DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group6]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1e/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group6]" title="" href="http://openwetware.org/images/d/d6/CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp.jpg"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/5/58/CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Cy3 DNA origami excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group6]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ef/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/41/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred_%28Custom%29.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">DiD GUV excitation</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <h4>Control with no DNA origami structure</h4> <div class="img_gal"> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group7]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9c/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d5/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group7]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c2/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/da/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">DiD GUV excitation</div> </div> <div class="img_gbox"> <a rel="lightbox[group7]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2f/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBtransp.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/12/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBtransp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a> <div class="descr">Transmited light</div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> </html>

Biomod/2012/TU Dresden/Nanosaurs/Project/Vesicles: Difference between revisions

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 {{Biomod/2012/TU Dresden/Nanosaurs/Header}}
 <html>
-	<script>
+        <script>
 	$(function() {
 			$( "#tabs" ).tabs();
 		});
 	</script>
+	<style>
+	div.img_gbox {
+    height: 190px;
+}
+	</style>
 	<div id="tabs" class="tabs-bottom">
 		<ul>
 			<li><a href="#tabs-1">Lipid Vesicles</a></li>
-			<li><a href="#tabs-2">Experiments with single stranded oligonucleotides</a></li>
+			<li><a href="#tabs-2">Single oligonucleotides experiments</a></li>
 			<li><a href="#tabs-3">Gel Analysis</a></li>
-			<li><a href="#tabs-4">Experiments with DNA origami</a></li>
+			<li><a href="#tabs-4">DNA origami experiments</a></li>
 		</ul>
 		<div class="tabs-spacer"></div>
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 		<div id="guv_vid">
 			<iframe width="480" height="360" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/uJj4Ul6Q9OA?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
-			<h5>DiD labeled GUV (red fluorescent) tethered by open DNA origami structure to Fast-DiO GUV (green fluorescent)<h5>
 		</div>
 			<h3>Introduction</h3>
-			<p>We decided to start with a simple system consisting of single stranded DNA oligonucleotides on both the “tethering” and “target” species until the DNA origami structures were fabricated .Based on previous research work [1], we assumed that the optimal number of anchored oligonucleotide strands per lipid molecule in the vesicles’ membrane was of, 5* 10-3 for GUVs and 4*10-4 for LUVs.</p>
+			<p>We decided to start with a simple system consisting of single stranded DNA oligonucleotides on both the “tethering” and “target” species until the DNA origami structures were fabricated .Based on previous research work (Beales P A, Vanderlick T K (2007), Specific Binding of Different Vesicle Populations by the Hybridization of Membrane-Anchored DNA. J Phys Chem A 111, 12372-12380), we assumed that the optimal number of anchored oligonucleotide strands per lipid molecule in the vesicles’ membrane was of, 5* 10-3 for GUVs and 4*10-4 for LUVs.</p>
 			<h3>Materials</h3>
-			<p>The giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) were prepared using electroformation  and the large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) were prepared using rehydration and extrusion <a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TU_Dresden/Nanosaurs/Lab_book#protocols">(Lab Book -> Protocols)</a>. The composition of both of the phospholipid vesicles was the same and consists of 1, 2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). The charged vesicles had in addition varying volume amounts (0%-10%) of 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DOPS). For some experiments the lipids were labeled with fluorescent dyes, Fast-DiO with an emission at 488 nm and DiD with an emission at 647 nm. There were two different versions of the SLB buffer <a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TU_Dresden/Nanosaurs/Lab_book#recipes">(Lab Book -> Recipes)</a> depending on the experiments. The single stranded oligonucleotides experiments were with SLB; meanwhile for the origami experiments the SLB buffer included magnesium.</p>
+			<p>The giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) were prepared using electroformation (Hyperlink) and the large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) were prepared using rehydration and extrusion (Hyperlink). The composition of both of the phospholipid vesicles was the same and consists of 1, 2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). The charged vesicles had in addition varying volume amounts (0%-10%) of 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DOPS). For some experiments the lipids were labeled with fluorescent dyes, Fast-DiO with an emission at 488 nm and DiD with an emission at 647 nm. There were two different versions of the SLB buffer (Hyperlink) depending on the experiments. The single stranded oligonucleotides experiments were with SLB; meanwhile for the origami experiments the SLB buffer included magnesium.</p>
-			<p>Our cholesterol-modified oligonucleotides were three: catcher A (tethering oligonucleotide used only for the experiments with single stranded oligonucleotides), anchor-complementary (part of the double-stranded tethering oligonucleotide for the origami structure, catcher-complementary (oligonucleotide for the LUVs as target species).The only non-cholesterol-modified oligonuclotide used was named as “receiver A” since it consisted in the complementary strand for catcher A. Receiver A was modified depending on the target molecule used for the experiments with single stranded oligonucleotides. The target species were Streptavidin-conjugated Quantum dots 625, Alexa 488, Alexa 488-conjugated Streptavidin and finally LUVs.</p>
+			<p>Our cholesterol-modified oligonucleotides were three: catcher A (tethering oligonucleotide used only for the experiments with single stranded oligonucleotides (Hyperlink)), anchor-complementary (part of the double-stranded tethering oligonucleotide for the origami structure (Hyperlink)), catcher-complementary (oligonucleotide for the LUVs as target species (Hyperlink)).The only non-cholesterol-modified oligonuclotide used was named as “receiver A” since it consisted in the complementary strand for catcher A. Receiver A was modified depending on the target molecule used for the experiments with single stranded oligonucleotides. The target species were Streptavidin-conjugated Quantum dots 625, Alexa 488, Alexa 488-conjugated Streptavidin and finally LUVs.</p>
-			<p>The experiments were carried out in multiwell plates, each well having a total volume of 40µl. Before using the imaging wells, we incubated for at least 30 minutes with a solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) <a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TU_Dresden/Nanosaurs/Lab_book#recipes">(Lab Book -> Recipes)</a> which was removed previously to setting the experiments. The imaging was done using Zeiss LSM 780 CC3 and the pictures were taken at the equatorial plane of the vesicles.</p>
+			<p>The experiments were carried out in multiwell plates, each well having a total volume of 40µl. Before using the imaging wells, we incubated for at least 30 minutes with a solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Hyperlink) which was removed previously to setting the experiments. The imaging was done using Zeiss LSM 780 CC3 (Hyperlink) and the pictures were taken at the equatorial plane of the vesicles.</p>
 			<h3>Experimental procedure</h3>
@@ Line 37: / Line 41: @@
 			<ol>
 				<li>GUVs electroformation</li>
-				<li>Well pasivation with BSA (prevent vesicles disruption)</li>
+				<li>Well pasivation (Hyperlink)</li>
 				<li>GUVs observation under the light microscope (checking the stability)</li>
 				<li>Target species preparation:</li>
 				<ol type="a">
-					<li>LUVs formation and calibration.</li>
+					<li>LUVs formation and calibration (Hyperlink).</li>
-					<li>Streptavidin-biotin interaction: the biotinylated receiver A oligonuclotide were incubated for 10 min with Quantum dot 625-Streptavidin or Alexa 488-Streptavidin.</li>
+					<li>Streptavidin-biotin interaction: the biotinylated receiver A oligonuclotide were incubated for 10 min with Quantum dot 625-Streptavidin or Alexa 488-Streptavidin (Hyperlink).</li>
 				</ol>
 				<li>Anchoring of cholesterol-modified DNA oligonucleotides:</li>
@@ Line 52: / Line 56: @@
 				<li>The well was then imaged using Zeiss LSM 780 CC3 inverse confocal microscope.</li>
 			</ol>
-			<div class="clear"></div>
-			<h2>References</h2>
-				<p>1. Beales P A, Vanderlick T K (2007), Specific Binding of Different Vesicle Populations by the Hybridization of Membrane-Anchored DNA. J Phys Chem A 111, 12372-12380</p>
 		</div>
 		<div id="tabs-2">
 			<h2>Experiments with single stranded oligonucleotides</h2>
@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 			<h3>Alexa labeled DNA oligonucleoides as target species</h3>
-			<p>In the first set of experiments, receiver A strands labeled with Alexa 488 were used as the target species <a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TU_Dresden/Nanosaurs/Lab_book#recipes">(Lab Book -> Recipes)</a>. In the control experiments, no catcher A strands were used. On imaging along the focal plane, clear distinguishable fluorescent rings were observed around the GUVs. Such rings were not observed in the control wells. This clearly indicated that the receiver A strands were hybridizing with the catcher A strands, resulting in such rings.</p>
+			<p>In the first set of experiments, receiver A strands labeled with Alexa 488 were used as the target species. The protocol for the labeling procedure can be found here (Hyperlink). In the control experiments, no catcher A strands were used. On imaging along the focal plane, clear distinguishable fluorescent rings were observed around the GUVs. Such rings were not observed in the control wells. This clearly indicated that the receiver A strands were hybridizing with the catcher A strands, resulting in such rings.</p>
 			<div class="clear"></div>
-			<div class="img_gal">
+			<div class="img_gal" style="width:400px:">
 				<h4>Schemes</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/17/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a1/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species_s.png" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/17/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a1/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species_s.png" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/92/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species_CONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/12/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species_CONTROL_s.png" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/92/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species_CONTROL.png" href="big pic"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/12/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_labeled_DNA_oligonucleoides_as_target_species_CONTROL_s.png" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Control set up</div>
 				</div>
@@ Line 79: / Line 79: @@
 				<h4>Experiment with Alexa 488-receiver A</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Alexa 488=receiver A excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b8/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7b/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b8/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7b/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Alexa 488 excitation</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Transmitted light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9d/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9d/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488-1SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Transmitted light</div>
 				</div>
@@ Line 89: / Line 89: @@
 				<h4>Control experiment w/o catcher A</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Control-Alexa 488 excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/56/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/56/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Alexa 488 excitation</div></a>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Control-Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/10/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/10/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Calexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 				</div>
@@ Line 103: / Line 103: @@
 			<div class="clear"></div>
-			<div class="img_gal">
+			<div class="img_gal" style="width:400px:">
 				<h4>Schemes</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5d/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/8e/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_species_s.png" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5d/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/8e/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_species_s.png" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f8/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2c/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f8/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png" href="big pic"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2c/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_488_labeled_Streptavidin_molecules_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Control set up</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="clear"></div>
 				<h4>Experiment with Strept-Alexa 488-receiver A</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Strept-Alexa 488-receiver A excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f2/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f2/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Alexa 488 excitation</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Strept-Alexa 488-receiver A Transmitted light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/28/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9a/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/28/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9a/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488-2SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Transmitted light</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="clear"></div>
 				<h4>Control experiment w/o catcher A</h4>
-				<div class="clear"></div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Control-Strept-Alexa 488-receiver A excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/95/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa _488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0d/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="big picture" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/95/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa _488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0d/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBgreen_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Alexa 488 excitation</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Control-Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/92/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2f/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/92/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2f/BM12_nanosaurs_Guv%2Cstrep-alexa_488%2Ccontrol-1SBtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Transmited light</div>
 				</div>
@@ Line 138: / Line 138: @@
 			<h3>Quantum dot 625-Streptavidin as target species</h3>
-			<p>Then we decided to use Quantum dots (QDs) since they not only have a high quantum yield but also do not bleach and could provide better quality of images. The QD-625 has an emission maximum at 625nm. It has a size of around 25nm. Biotinylated receiver A was first hybridized with QD-Strep, QD-Strep-receiver A, and then later this complex was added to the GUVs bearing chol-catcher A oligos. The controls did not contain the chol-catcher A oligos on the GUVs. The molar ratio of chol-catcher A : Biotinylated-receiver A : QD-Strep = 1:1:0.5 was used. As opposed to the previous results, a fluoresdent ring around the vesicles was not observed. Even more puzzling was the fact that we could not see the QD in solution.</p>
+			<p>Then we decided to use Quantum dots (QD) since they not only have a high quantum yield but also do not bleach and could provide better quality of images. The QD-625 has an emission maximum at 625nm. It has a size of around 25nm. Biotinylated receiver A was first hybridized with QD-Strep, QD-Strep-receiver A, and then later this complex was added to the GUVs bearing chol-catcher A oligos. The controls did not contain the chol-catcher A oligos on the GUVs. The molar ratio of chol-catcher A : Biotinylated-receiver A : QD-Strep = 1:1:0.5 was used. As opposed to the previous results, a fluoresdent ring around the vesicles was not observed. Even more puzzling was the fact that we could not see the QD in solution.</p>
 			<div class="clear"></div>
-			<div class="img_gal">
+			<div class="img_gal" style="width:400px:">
 				<h4>Schemes</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/30/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0c/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species_s.png" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/30/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0c/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species_s.png" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e8/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f5/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e8/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f5/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Control set up</div>
 				</div>
@@ Line 154: / Line 154: @@
 				<h4>Experiment with QD-Strep-receiver A</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="QD-Strep-receiver A excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/53/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/6f/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDred_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/53/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/6f/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDred_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">QD excitation</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="QD-Strep-receiver A Transmitted light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c7/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c7/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_NegativeQDtrans_s.jpg" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Transmitted light</div>
 				</div>
@@ Line 167: / Line 167: @@
 		<div id="tabs-3">
 			<h2>Gel Analysis</h2>
-			<p>After an unsuccessful approach of visualizing the QDs, we decided to check the efficiency of oligo-oligo hybridization and binding to Streptavidin-coated QDs on PAGE. The entire set of the experiments below was performed in 12% PA gel <a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TU_Dresden/Nanosaurs/Lab_book#recipes">(Lab Book -> Recipes)</a>.</p>
+			<p>After an unsuccessful approach of visualizing the quantum dots, we decided to check the efficiency of oligo-oligo hybridization and binding to streptavidin coated quantum dots on PAGE. The entire set of the experiments below was performed in 12% PA gel (protocol 1-hyperlink).</p>
 			<div class="img_right img_link"><a rel="lightbox" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a2/BM12_nanosaurs_1stgel.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e0/1stgel.jpg"></a></div>
 			<h3>Biotinylation and Streptavidin binding</h3>
 			<p>First we checked an efficiency of biotinylation of oligos complementary to cholesterol-coupled oligos. For the gel experiments, oligos without cholesterol were used. There was a shift in the bands between the control oligos and the biotinylated oligo. Also the efficient binding of biotinylated oligo to streptavidin (in lane 4) was observed.</p>
-			<h5>Efficiency of biotinylation reaction. From left: oligo, biotynylated oligo, oligo+streptavidin, biotynylated-oligo+streptavidin</h5>
+			<h6>Efficiency of biotinylation reaction. From left: oligo, biotynylated oligo, oligo+streptavidin, biotynylated-oligo+streptavidin</h6>
 			<h3>Optimal QD-Oligo ratio</h3>
-			<p>In order to optimize the ratio of QDs to the oligonucleotides, different ratios of QDs were applied to constant amount of oligonucleotides (70ng). The optimal molar ratio of oligonucleotides to QDs was found to be 2:1 since the amount of oligonucleotides not bound to QDs was less and also to have a high probability that a single quantum dot is bound by just two oligonucleotides. The other lanes have more free oligonucleotides and therefore would lead to more unspecific binding in solution.</p>
+			<p>In order to optimize the ratio of quantum dots to the oligonucleotides, different ratios of quantum dots were applied to constant amount of oligonucleotides (70ng). The optimal molar ratio of oligonucleotides to quantum dots was found to be 2:1 since the amount of oligonucleotides not bound to quantum dots was less and also to have a high probability that a single quantum dot is bound by just two oligonucleotides. The other lanes have more free oligonucleotides and therefore would lead to more unspecific binding in solution.</p>
 			<div class="img_left img_link"><a rel="lightbox" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5f/BM12_nanosaurs_2ndgel.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/fa/2ndgel.jpg"></a>
 			</div>
-			<h5>From left: oligonucleotide w/o biotin+QD; Ratio biotinylated-oligonucleotides:QDs 1:1,2:1, 3:1, 5:1,7:1, 10:1.</h5>
+			<h6>From left: oligonucleotide w/o biotin+QD; Ratio biotinylated-oligonucleotides:QDs 1:1,2:1, 3:1, 5:1,7:1, 10:1.</h6>
 			<div class="clear"></div>
 			<h3>Oligo and Quantum dot hybridization</h3>
 			<div class="img_right img_link"><a rel="lightbox" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_3rdgel.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/3rdgel.jpg"></a></div>
-			<p>Finally, the complete system used for QDs experiment was checked on the gel. The results show that catcher A hybridizes with receiver A with high efficiency. However when QD was added, efficiency drops down significantly.</p>
+			<p>Finally, the complete system used for the experiments (in 3.1.) (hyperlink) was checked on the gel. The results show that catcher A hybridizes with receiver A with high efficiency. However when QD was added, efficiency drops down significantly.</p>
-			<h5>From left: catcher A, biotinylated catcher A-complementary and catcher A + Qds added 30 min later, biotinylated catcher A-complementary and Qds incubated separately + catcher A added 30 min later, biotinylated catcher A-complementary + catcher A
+			<h6>From left: catcher A, biotinylated catcher A-complementary and catcher A + Qds added 30 min later, biotinylated catcher A-complementary and Qds incubated separately + catcher A added 30 min later, biotinylated catcher A-complementary + catcher A
-			</h5>
+			</h6>
 			<div class="clear"></div>
 			<h3>Spectral analysis of Quantum dots</h3>
-			<p>We were facing some difficulties in observing the QDs' fluorescent both in solution and on the lipid membranes. A poor signal was observed even at high laser powers in confocal microscopy. The PA gels proved that there was no problem with the hybridization of QDs to biotinylated-oligos. Therefore, pure QDt samples of different concentrations were prepared and directly observed on cover slips and bright QDs at relatively low laser power could be observed. Then, we obtained the spectra of these QDs by doing a fluorescence emission scan (excited at 458nm). A peak signal was observed at 615-625nm which is consistent to the QD manufacturer specifications used. When the same analysis was done with our vesicles samples mentioned before, we found that the spectra was not the same as of the QDs due to the background fluorescence of the contaminated lipids samples at high laser powers. This prompted us to increase the concentration of the QDs from 0.1 nM to 10 nM. Subsequently, the concentration of the cholesterol-modified oligonucleotides was increased 50-fold.</p>
+			<p>We were facing some difficulties in observing the quantum dots both in solution and on the lipid membranes. A poor signal was observed even at high laser powers in confocal microscopy. The PA gels proved that there was no problem with the hybridization of QDs to biotinylated-oligos. Therefore, pure QDt samples of different concentrations were prepared and directly observed on cover slips and bright QDs at relatively low laser power could be observed. Then, we obtained the spectra of these QDs by doing a fluorescence emission scan (excited at 458nm). A peak signal was observed at 615-625nm which is consistent to the QD manufacturer specifications used. When the same analysis was done with our vesicles samples mentioned before, we found that the spectra was not the same as of the QDs due to the background fluorescence of the contaminated lipids samples at high laser powers. This prompted us to increase the concentration of the quantum dots from 0.1 nM to 10 nM. Subsequently, the concentration of the cholesterol-modified oligonucleotides was increased 50-fold.</p>
 			<div class="img_gal">
 				<h4>Fluorescent emission scan</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="False colour" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LIVECOLOUR.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/ce/BM12_nanosaurs_LIVECOLOUR_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="DNA origami - front view" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LIVECOLOUR.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/ce/BM12_nanosaurs_LIVECOLOUR_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-					<div class="descr">False color</div>
+					<div class="descr">False colour</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Bright field" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/ff/BM12_nanosaurs_BRGHTFIELD.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c0/BM12_nanosaurs_BRGHTFIELD_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="DNA origami - side view" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/ff/BM12_nanosaurs_BRGHTFIELD.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c0/BM12_nanosaurs_BRGHTFIELD_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Bright field</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Maximum emission at 625nm" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/cd/BM12_nanosaurs_MAXEM625.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/cf/BM12_nanosaurs_MAXEM625_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/cd/BM12_nanosaurs_MAXEM625.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/cf/BM12_nanosaurs_MAXEM625_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Maximum emission at 625nm</div></a>
 				</div>
@@ Line 209: / Line 209: @@
 				<h4>Vesicles sample</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Lipids background signal" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c6/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISE.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/85/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISE_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c6/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISE.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/85/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISE_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-					<div class="descr">Lipids background signal</div></a>
+					<div class="descr">Background lipids signal</div></a>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Bright field" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e5/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISEtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b0/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISEtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e5/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISEtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b0/BM12_nanosaurs_BACKGROUNDNOISEtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Bright field</div></a>
 				</div>
@@ Line 219: / Line 219: @@
 			<div class="clear"></div>
-			<h3>Quantum dots 625-Streptavidin as target species (Higher concentration)</h3>
+			<h3>Quantum dot 625-Streptavidin as target species (Higher concentration)</h3>
-			<p>With the concentration mentioned before, bright fluorescent rings were observed around the GUVs and none in the controls. Thus, we were able to target a large species like QDs on the vesicles.</p>
+			<p>With the concentration mentioned before, bright fluorescent rings were observed around the GUVs and none in the controls. Thus, we were able to target a large species like quantum dots on the vesicles.</p>
 			<div class="clear"></div>
@@ Line 226: / Line 226: @@
 				<h4>Schemes</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/48/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50x.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/99/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50x_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/48/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50x.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/99/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50x_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5b/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50xCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b6/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50xCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5b/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50xCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b6/BM12_nanosaurs_Quantum_dot_625-Streptavidin_as_target_species50xCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Control set up</div>
 				</div>
@@ Line 236: / Line 236: @@
 				<h4>Experiment with 50x concentration of QD</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="QDs excitation 50x concentration" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/28/BM12_nanosaurs_QDexcited.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5a/BM12_nanosaurs_QDexcited_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/28/BM12_nanosaurs_QDexcited.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5a/BM12_nanosaurs_QDexcited_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-					<div class="descr">QDs excitation</div>
+					<div class="descr">QD excitation</div>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="QDs 50x concentrationTransmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ee/BM12_nanosaurs_QDtransmlight.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f9/BM12_nanosaurs_QDtransmlight_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ee/BM12_nanosaurs_QDtransmlight.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f9/BM12_nanosaurs_QDtransmlight_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 				</div>
 				<div class="clear"></div>
-				<h4>Control experiment with 50x concentration of QDs w/o catcher A</h4>
+				<h4>Control experiment with 50x concentration of QD w/o catcher A</h4>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="QDs excitation w/o catcher A" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/67/BM12_nanosaurs_QDcont.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/73/BM12_nanosaurs_QDcont_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/67/BM12_nanosaurs_QDcont.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/73/BM12_nanosaurs_QDcont_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-					<div class="descr">QDs excitation</div></a>
+					<div class="descr">QD excitation</div></a>
 				</div>
 				<div class="img_gbox">
-					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Control-Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c8/BM12_nanosaurs_QDconttrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/83/BM12_nanosaurs_QDconttrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+					<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c8/BM12_nanosaurs_QDconttrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/83/BM12_nanosaurs_QDconttrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 					<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 				</div>
@@ Line 263: / Line 263: @@
 			<h3>Vesicles with different amounts of origami</h3>
-			<p>Various amounts of origami were used to find the optimum concentration required to visualize them on vesicles. We observed fluorescent rings around the GUVs with 1.25nM, 2.5nM and 5nM of the assembled origami. It was decided to use 2.5nM of origami for further experiments due to the bright ring observed with a moderate DNA origami consumption. The controls did not have any anchor-complementary strands.</p>
+			<p>Various amounts of origami were used to find the optimum concentration required to visualize them on vesicles. We observed fluorescent rings around the GUVs with 4µl and 8µl of the assembled origami. It was decided to use 8µl (2.5 nM) of origami for further experiments since it gave a bright ring and also since we wanted to minimize our origami consumption. The controls did not have any origami.</p>
 			<div class="clear"></div>
 			<div class="img_gal">
 					<h4>Schemes</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f4/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/cd/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f4/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/cd/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/44/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origamiCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/52/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origamiCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/44/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origamiCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/52/BM12_nanosaurs_Vesicles_with_different_amounts_of_origamiCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Control set up</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="clear"></div>
-					<h4>Experiment with 1.25nM of DNA origami structure</h4>
+					<h4>Experiment with 4µl of DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation (1.25nM)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/BM12_nanosaurs_4microlSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d2/BM12_nanosaurs_4microlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/BM12_nanosaurs_4microlSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d2/BM12_nanosaurs_4microlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Transmited light (1.25nM)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/61/BM12_nanosaurs_4microltransSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c4/BM12_nanosaurs_4microltransSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/61/BM12_nanosaurs_4microltransSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c4/BM12_nanosaurs_4microltransSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="clear"></div>
-					<h4>Experiment with 2.5nM of DNA origami structure</h4>
+					<h4>Experiment with 8µl of DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation (2.5nM)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ee/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2SB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ee/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Transmited light (2.5nM)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/50/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2transSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/84/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2transSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/50/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2transSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/84/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single2transSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="clear"></div>
-					<h4>Experiment with 5nM of DNA origami structure</h4>
+					<h4>Experiment with 16µl of DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation (5nM)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c4/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/73/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c4/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2SB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/73/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="Transmited light (5nM)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9e/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2transSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d3/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2transSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9e/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2transSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d3/BM12_nanosaurs_18microl_group2transSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="clear"></div>
-					<h4>Control experiment w/o anchor-complementary oligos (2.5nM)</h4>
+					<h4>Control experiment w/o anchor-complementary oligos for 8µl</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation w/o anchor-complementary oligos 2.5nM)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d8/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controlSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/3a/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d8/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controlSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/3a/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="Control-Transmited ligh" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/17/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controltransSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/76/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controltransSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/17/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controltransSB.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/76/BM12_nanosaurs_8microl_single_controltransSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 319: / Line 319: @@
 			<h3>Alexa 647 labeled catcher complementary DNA oligo strands as target species for the DNA origami structure</h3>
-			<p>After obtaining very promising results with the origami anchorage into the GUVs, we wanted to find out whether the catcher strands on the origami are able to hybridize with the catcher-complementary strands properly. We used Alexa 647-labeled catcher-complementary strands to hybridize with the origami catcher strands and the GUVs were labeled with the green fluorophore DiO. The control had the closed origami. We observed a strong ring around the GUVs with the open origami. In the control we observed no ring around the GUVs. With this positive result for the origami, the following step was to repeat the experiment using the LUVs targeting system.</p>
+			<p>After obtaining very promising results with the origami anchorage into the GUVs, we wanted to find out whether the catcher strands on the origami are able to hybridize with the catcher-complementary strands properly. We used Alexa 647-labeled (emission) catcher-complementary strands to hybridize with the origami catcher strands and the GUVs were labeled green (emission) with DiO. The control had the closed origami. We observed a strong ring around the GUVs with the open origami. In the control we observed no ring around the GUVs. With this positive result for the origami, the following step was to repeat the experiment using the LUVs targeting system.</p>
 			<div class="clear"></div>
@@ Line 325: / Line 325: @@
 					<h4>Schemes</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b6/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structure.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structure_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="DNA origami - front view" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b6/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structure.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structure_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5f/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structureCONTROLclosed.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/22/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structureCONTROLclosed_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="DNA origami - front view" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/5f/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structureCONTROLclosed.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/22/BM12_nanosaurs_Alexa_647_labeled_catcher_complementary_DNA_oligo_strands_as_target_species_for_the_DNA_origami_structureCONTROLclosed_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">Control set up</div>
+						<div class="descr">Control set up with closed DNA origami structure</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="clear"></div>
 					<h4>Experiment with open DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Alexa 647-catcher-complementary oligos excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/19/BM12_nanosaurs_Catcher-compAlexa647%28excited%29SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/35/BM12_nanosaurs_Catcher-compAlexa647%28excited%29SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/19/BM12_nanosaurs_Catcher-compAlexa647%28excited%29SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/35/BM12_nanosaurs_Catcher-compAlexa647%28excited%29SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">Alexa 647-catcher-complementary oligos excitation</div>
+						<div class="descr">Alexa 647 labeled-catcher-complementary oligos excitation</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Cy3 DNA origami excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/18/BM12_nanosaurs_OpenCy3origamiSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/01/BM12_nanosaurs_OpenCy3origamiSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/18/BM12_nanosaurs_OpenCy3origamiSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/01/BM12_nanosaurs_OpenCy3origamiSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Cy3 DNA origami excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Fast-DiO GUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/28/BM12_nanosaurs_GuvDiDSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1c/BM12_nanosaurs_GuvDiDSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/28/BM12_nanosaurs_GuvDiDSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1c/BM12_nanosaurs_GuvDiDSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO GUVs excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 349: / Line 349: @@
 					<h4>Experiment with closed DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Alexa 647-catcher-complementary oligos excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7d/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLCatcher-compalexa647SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/56/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLCatcher-compalexa647SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7d/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLCatcher-compalexa647SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/56/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLCatcher-compalexa647SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">Alexa 647-catcher-complementary oligos excitation</div></a>
+						<div class="descr">Alexa 647 labeled-catcher-complementary oligos excitation </div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Fast-DiO GUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLguvsDiDSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/74/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLguvsDiDSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLguvsDiDSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/74/BM12_nanosaurs_CONTROLguvsDiDSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO GUVs excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 365: / Line 365: @@
 					<h4>Schemes</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up (closed DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Control set up with closed DNA origami structure</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set (w/o DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Control set up w/o DNA origami structure</div>
 					</div>
@@ Line 379: / Line 379: @@
 					<h4>Experiment with open DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Fast-DiO LUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28DIOexcited%292SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28DIOexcited%292SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28DIOexcited%292SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28DIOexcited%292SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/73/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/be/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/73/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/be/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/62/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBtransp.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/ce/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBtransp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/62/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBtransp.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/ce/BM12_nanosaurs_Open_origami_and_luvs_%28alexa_647excited%292SBtransp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 393: / Line 393: @@
 					<h4>Experiment with closed DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Fast-DiO LUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a1/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/ad/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a1/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/ad/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div></a>
+						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation </div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9b/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d3/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" />
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9b/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBred.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d3/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" />
 						<div class="descr">Alexa 647 DNA origami excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Control-Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/ba/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/02/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/ba/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/02/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origamiAlexa647%2BLUVscontrolSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 411: / Line 411: @@
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="Alexa 647 excitation of DNA origami" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/81/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/81/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Alexa 647 excitation of DNA origami</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="Control-Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/69/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/69/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBtrans.jpg" href=""><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_Closed_origami_and_luv_%28alexa_647_and_Dio_exc%29_3CONTROL1SBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 428: / Line 428: @@
 					<h4>Schemes</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up (closed DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Control set up with closed DNA origami structure</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up (w/o DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Control set up w/o DNA origami structure</div>
 					</div>
@@ Line 442: / Line 442: @@
 					<h4>Experiment with open DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Fast-DiO LUVs" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/75/10%25LUVSPS_open.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_open_origamiSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/75/10%25LUVSPS_open.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_open_origamiSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/95/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_open_origamiSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ee/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_open_origamiSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/95/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_open_origamiSBtrans.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ee/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_open_origamiSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 452: / Line 452: @@
 					<h4>Experiment with closed DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Fast-DiO LUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/40/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/bd/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/40/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBgreen.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/bd/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/98/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/6a/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/98/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBtrans.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/6/6a/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_PS_closed_origamiSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 462: / Line 462: @@
 					<h4>Experiment w/o DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Fast-DiO LUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/57/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d7/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBgreen.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/57/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Control-Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/84/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBtransp.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f2/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBtransp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/84/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBtransp.jpg"></a><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f2/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_guvs%2BluvsPS_no_ring2SBtransp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 480: / Line 480: @@
 			<div class="img_gal">
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/51/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/de/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/51/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/de/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up (w/o catcher-complementary)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/54/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL1.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b9/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL1_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/5/54/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL1.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b9/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL1_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Control set up w/o catcher-complementary oligonucleotides</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control set up (closed origami structure)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/23/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2d/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/23/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2d/BM12_nanosaurs_GUVs_with_10_mol%25_negative_charge_%28DOPS%29_with_catcher-complement_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Control set up with closed origami structure</div>
 					</div>
@@ Line 494: / Line 494: @@
 					<h4>Experiment with open DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="DiD GUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/87/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBhugging!!.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0b/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBhugging!!_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/87/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBhugging!!.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0b/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBhugging!!_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">DiD GUVs excitation</div></a>
+						<div class="descr">DiD GUVs excitation </div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e6/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/b/bf/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e6/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/b/bf/BM12_nanosaurs_Cy3openorigamicatchercomchol3SBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="clear"></div>
-					<h4>Control experiment w/o catcher-complementary oligos</h4>
+					<h4>Control,  w/o catcher-complementary oligos</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="DiD GUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a8/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2c/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/a/a8/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2c/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">DiD GUVs excitation</div></a>
+						<div class="descr">DiD GUVs excitation  </div></a>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Control-Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/88/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/31/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/88/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/31/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_to_the_huggingsSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
 					</div>
@@ Line 514: / Line 514: @@
 			<div class="clear"></div>
 			<p>Encouraged by the results with uniformly labeled vesicles we had prepared two classes of vesicles stained either with red fluorescent dye (DID) or with green (DIO). In the controls without the catcher-complementary strands, the GUVs do not cluster and do not seem to attract each other.</p>
-			<div class="clear"></div>
 			<div class="img_gal">
-					<h4>Fluorescent GUVs</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Fast-DiO GUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b6/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/93/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b6/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/93/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO GUVs excitation</div>
 					</div>
 						<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="DiD LUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0b/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/26/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0b/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/26/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">DiD LUVs excitation</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ec/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b2/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ec/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/b/b2/BM12_nanosaurs_Control_red%2Bgreen_guvs2SBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div></a>
-					</div>
-					<div class="clear"></div>
-					<h4>Experiment with open DNA origami structure</h4>
-					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Fast-DiO and DiD GUVs excitation 1" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e3/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%29.lsm_%28RGB%29.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/75/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%29.lsm_%28RGB%29_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO and DiD GUVs excitation 1</div>
-					</div>
-					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Fast-DiO and DiD GUVs excitation 2" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/ff/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%292.lsm_%28RGB%29SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7d/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%292.lsm_%28RGB%29SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO and DiD GUVs excitation 2</div>
 					</div>
 				</div>
 			<div class="clear"></div>
+			<p>But, we could also notice vesicles being attracted to each other with the closed origami structure. This led us to conclude that the structures are not totally closed.</p>
-			<p>But, we could also notice vesicles being attracted to each other with the closed origami structure. This led us to conclude that the DNA origami structures might not be totally closed.</p>
-			<div class="clear"></div>
 			<div class="img_gal">
-					<h4>Control experiment with closed DNA origami structure</h4>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control 1(closed DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/74/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_control.lsm_%28RGB%29SB-800.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f6/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_control.lsm_%28RGB%29SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e3/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%29.lsm_%28RGB%29.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/75/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%29.lsm_%28RGB%29_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">Control 1</div>
+						<div class="descr">Control (closed DNA origami structure)</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control 2(closed DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e8/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing.control.amazing.lsm_%28RGB%29SB-800.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c1/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing.control.amazing.lsm_%28RGB%29SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/ff/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%292.lsm_%28RGB%29SB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7d/BM12_nanosaurs_Kissing_vesicles_%28guvs%292.lsm_%28RGB%29SB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">Control 2</div>
+						<div class="descr">Control (closed DNA origami structure)</div>
 					</div>
 				</div>
 			<div class="clear"></div>
-			<h3>LUVs with variable (3 and 7 mol%) negative charge (DOPS) with catcher complementary strands as target species</h3>
+			<h3>LUVs with variable (3-7 mol%) negative charge (DOPS) with catcher complementary strands as target species</h3>
 			<p>We needed to optimize the amount of negative charge such that Fast-DiO labeled (Green) LUVs could interact with DiD labeled (Red) GUVs in the presence of origami, but not cluster in its absence. We started by preparing LUVs with 3 mol% DOPS. There were controls with the closed origami, without any origami and one more without origami but with the catcher-complementary. Bright rings were present in all the samples including the controls.</p>
@@ Line 563: / Line 550: @@
 			<div class="img_gal">
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Set up" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2b/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0e/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_species_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Set up</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control (closed DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/db/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROL_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Control closed DNA origami structure</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="Control (w/o DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group1]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/f/f3/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami.png"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/25/BM12_nanosaurs_LUVs_with_catcher_complementary_strands_as_target_speciesCONTROLnoorigami_s.png" alt="Caption" /></a>
-						<div class="descr">Control w/o DNA origami structure</div>
+						<div class="descr">Control no DNA origami structure</div>
 					</div>
 				</div>
@@ Line 579: / Line 566: @@
 			<div class="img_gal">
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Fast-DiO LUVs excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/43/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origami_green.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/84/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origami_green_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/43/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origami_green.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/84/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origami_green_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0f/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origamitrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/8a/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origamitrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group2]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/0/0f/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origamitrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/8a/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_open_origamitrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div>
 					</div>
@@ Line 591: / Line 578: @@
 			<div class="img_gal">
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Fast-DiO excitation" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/ca/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_closed_origamiSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e2/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/ca/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_closed_origamiSB.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/e2/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO excitation</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_closed_origamiSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d1/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_closed_origamiSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group3]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9c/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_closed_origamiSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d1/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS%2B_closed_origamiSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div>
 					</div>
@@ Line 603: / Line 590: @@
 			<div class="img_gal">
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="Fast-DiO excitation (w/o DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2f/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSB.jpg"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/e/e2/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2f/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSB.jpg"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/e/e2/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSB_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO excitation</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="img_gbox">
-						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="Control-Transmited light" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/dd/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/3e/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group4]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/dd/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSBtrans.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/3/3e/BM12_nanosaurs_Guvs_%2B_luvs_3PS_controlSBtrans_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div>
 					</div>
@@ Line 613: / Line 600: @@
 			<div class="clear"></div>
-			<p>Hence, we needed to use a medial value between 3 and 10 mol% and therefore LUVs with 7 mol% DOPS were prepared and targeted by the Cy3-labeled origami on the GUV surface. The previous controls were repeated for this experiment. Bright fluorescent rings were present in both the samples with open and closed origami structures, but it was not present in the control with catcher-complementary strands. Thus, we decided that the optimal negative charge of 7 mol% was required on the LUVs to screen the unspecific binding. The reason for a fluorescent ring with the closed DNA origami structure might be due to the fact that the porcentage of the open structure after the assembly of the closed structure could be high enough to allow the targeting hybridization <a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TU_Dresden/Nanosaurs/Project/DNA_origami#tabs-2">(Project->DNAorigami->Assembly)</a>.</p>
+			<p>Hence, we needed to use a medial value between 3 and 10 mol% and therefore LUVs with 7 mol% DOPS were prepared and targeted by the Cy3-labeled origami on the GUV surface. The previous controls were repeated for this experiment also. Bright fluorescent rings were present in both the samples with open and closed origami structures, but it was not present in the control with catcher-complementary strands. Thus, we decided that the optimal negative charge of 7 mol% was required on the LUVs to screen the unspecific binding. Also, the reason for a fluorescent ring with the closed structure might be due to the fact that the origami is open and further corroborates the findings from the experiments with GUVs.</p>
 			<h4>Open origami 7%PS</h4>
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-						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="Fast-DiO LUVs excitation 7%PS" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/93/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/20/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/93/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/20/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div>
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-						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="Cy3 DNA origami excitation 7%PS" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9b/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBorange.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/14/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBorange_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9b/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBorange.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/14/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBorange_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Cy3 DNA origami excitation</div>
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-						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="DiD excitation of GUV 7%PS" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/8f/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/dc/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group5]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/8/8f/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/dc/BM12_nanosaurs_EXPGUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BOpenOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">DiD excitation of GUV</div>
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@@ Line 634: / Line 621: @@
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-						<a  rel="lightbox[group6]" title="Fast-DiO LUVs excitation (closed DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1e/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group6]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/7/7e/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/1e/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29EXCITED%2BCatchercompSBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div>
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-						<a  rel="lightbox[group6]" title="Cy3 DNA origami excitation(closed DNA origami)" href="http://openwetware.org/images/d/d6/CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp.jpg"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/5/58/CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group6]" title="" href="http://openwetware.org/images/d/d6/CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp.jpg"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/5/58/CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29_EXCITED%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Cy3 DNA origami excitation</div>
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-						<a  rel="lightbox[group6]" title="DiD GUV excitation(closed DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ef/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/41/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred_%28Custom%29.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group6]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/e/ef/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/4/41/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT1GUVs%28DiD%29EXCITED%2BClosedOrigami%28Cy3%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercompSBred_%28Custom%29.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">DiD GUV excitation</div>
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-			<h4>Control w/o DNA origami structure</h4>
+			<h4>Control with no DNA origami structure</h4>
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-						<a  rel="lightbox[group7]" title="Fast-DiO LUVs excitation (w/o DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9c/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d5/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group7]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/9/9c/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBgreen.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/d5/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBgreen_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Fast-DiO LUVs excitation</div>
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-						<a  rel="lightbox[group7]" title="DiD GUV excitation (w/o DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c2/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/da/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group7]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/c/c2/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBred.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/d/da/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBred_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">DiD GUV excitation</div>
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-						<a  rel="lightbox[group7]" title="Transmited light (w/o DNA origami)" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2f/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBtransp.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/12/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBtransp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
+						<a  rel="lightbox[group7]" title="" href="http://www.openwetware.org/images/2/2f/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBtransp.jpg"><img src="http://www.openwetware.org/images/1/12/BM12_nanosaurs_CONT2GUVs%28DiD%29%2BLUVs%28DiO%29%2BCatchercomp2SBtransp_s.jpg" alt="Caption" /></a>
 						<div class="descr">Transmited light</div>
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