User:Timothee Flutre/Notebook/Postdoc/2012/05/16
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Typical template for Python scriptIt is always rewarding on the long term to start any script with a minimum amount of generic code (verbose, command-line options, help message, license, etc). But it's a pain to write all this every time, right? So here is my typical template for any Python script: #!/usr/bin/env python
# Author: Timothee Flutre
# License: GPL-3
# Aim: does this and that
# help2man -o MyClass.man ./MyClass.py
# groff -mandoc MyClass.man > MyClass.ps
import sys
import os
import getopt
import time
import datetime
import math
class MyClass(object):
def __init__(self):
self.verbose = 1
def help(self):
msg = "`%s' does this and that.\n" % os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
msg += "\n"
msg += "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] ...\n" % os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
msg += "\n"
msg += "Options:\n"
msg += " -h, --help\tdisplay the help and exit\n"
msg += " -V, --version\toutput version information and exit\n"
msg += " -v, --verbose\tverbosity level (0/default=1/2/3)\n"
msg += "\n"
msg += "Examples:\n"
print msg; sys.stdout.flush()
def version(self):
msg = "%s 0.1\n" % os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
msg += "\n"
msg += "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
msg += "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO\n"
msg += "warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
print msg; sys.stdout.flush()
def setAttributesFromCmdLine(self):
try:
opts, args = getopt.getopt( sys.argv[1:], "hVv:",
["help", "version", "verbose="])
except getopt.GetoptError, err:
sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % str(err))
self.help()
sys.exit(2)
for o, a in opts:
if o in ("-h", "--help"):
self.help()
sys.exit(0)
elif o in ("-V", "--version"):
self.version()
sys.exit(0)
elif o in ("-v", "--verbose"):
self.verbose = int(a)
else:
assert False, "unhandled option"
def checkAttributes(self):
pass
def run(self):
self.checkAttributes()
if self.verbose > 0:
msg = "START %s" % time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
startTime = time.time()
print msg; sys.stdout.flush()
# ... specific code ...
if self.verbose > 0:
msg = "END %s" % time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
endTime = time.time()
runLength = datetime.timedelta(seconds=
math.floor(endTime - startTime))
msg += " (%s)" % str(runLength)
print msg; sys.stdout.flush()
if __name__ == "__main__":
i = MyClass()
i.setAttributesFromCmdLine()
i.run()
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