User:Jarle Pahr/Cloning: Difference between revisions
Jarle Pahr (talk | contribs) |
Jarle Pahr (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
(26 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
http://nucleicacids.bitesizebio.com/articles/cloning-tips-vector-prep/ | http://nucleicacids.bitesizebio.com/articles/cloning-tips-vector-prep/ | ||
Gateway cloning: http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/145/4/1144.full | |||
http://www.protocol-online.org/biology-forums/cloning.html | http://www.protocol-online.org/biology-forums/cloning.html | ||
Line 17: | Line 19: | ||
In-Fusion Cloning primer design tool: http://bioinfo.clontech.com/infusion/convertPcrPrimersInit.do | In-Fusion Cloning primer design tool: http://bioinfo.clontech.com/infusion/convertPcrPrimersInit.do | ||
==Commercial kits== | |||
Electra Vector system: https://www.dna20.com/products/expression-vectors/electra-system | |||
==Reviews== | ==Reviews== | ||
Line 57: | Line 64: | ||
http://www.helmholtz-muenchen.de/fileadmin/PEPF/Protocols/LIC-cloning.pdf | http://www.helmholtz-muenchen.de/fileadmin/PEPF/Protocols/LIC-cloning.pdf | ||
A family of E. coli expression vectors for laboratory scale and high throughput soluble protein production: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/6/12 | |||
A Family of LIC Vectors for High-Throughput Cloning and Purification of Proteins: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2771622/ | |||
==Gibson Assembly== | ==Gibson Assembly== | ||
Line 86: | Line 98: | ||
|[http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/24/12/2458.full.pdf+html Liu 1996: Hetero-stagger cloning: efficient and rapid cloning of PCR products]||Generation of related PCR products by using two sets of primers, identical except for a 3bp GGG addition at 5' end in one set. After mixing the PCR products, denaturing and reannealing, a mixed product with CCC overhang is produced, which can be cloned by ligation to a vector with a GGG overhang.|| | |[http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/24/12/2458.full.pdf+html Liu 1996: Hetero-stagger cloning: efficient and rapid cloning of PCR products]||Generation of related PCR products by using two sets of primers, identical except for a 3bp GGG addition at 5' end in one set. After mixing the PCR products, denaturing and reannealing, a mixed product with CCC overhang is produced, which can be cloned by ligation to a vector with a GGG overhang.|| | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/27/19/e26.full.pdf+html Tillett and Neilan 1999: Enzyme-free cloning: a rapid method to clone PCR products independent of vector restriction enzyme sites]||Builds on Liu 1996. Both insert and vector is prepared by hetero-stagger PCR and mixed before undergoing denaturation/annealing to give the desired construct. || | |[http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/27/19/e26.full.pdf+html Tillett and Neilan 1999: Enzyme-free cloning: a rapid method to clone PCR products independent of vector restriction enzyme sites]||Builds on Liu 1996. Both insert and vector is prepared by hetero-stagger PCR and mixed before undergoing denaturation/annealing to give the desired construct. Article is reproduced in part in [[http://library.bjcancer.org/keshi/jichu/PCR%20Cloning%20protocols.pdf PCR Cloning Protocols, 2nd edition]. || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1110/ps.0205202/pdf Shih, Y.P., Kung, W.M., Chen, J.C., Yeh, C.H., Wang, A.H. and Wang, T.F. (2002) High-throughput screening of soluble recombinant proteins]||Application of "sticky end PCR method" to High-throughput (HTP) cloning. || | |[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1110/ps.0205202/pdf Shih, Y.P., Kung, W.M., Chen, J.C., Yeh, C.H., Wang, A.H. and Wang, T.F. (2002) High-throughput screening of soluble recombinant proteins]||Application of "sticky end PCR method" (hetero-stagger PCR) to High-throughput (HTP) cloning. || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10969-006-9014-z de Jong, R.N., Daniëls, M.A., Kaptein, R. and Folkers,G.E. (2007) Enzyme Free Cloning for high throughput gene cloning and expression.]|| || | |[http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10969-006-9014-z de Jong, R.N., Daniëls, M.A., Kaptein, R. and Folkers,G.E. (2007) Enzyme Free Cloning for high throughput gene cloning and expression.]||Combines preparation of insert by hetero-stagger PCR amplification of preparation of vector by exonuclease chewback, applied to HTP cloning. || | ||
|} | |} | ||
de Jong et al. 2007 comments: | |||
"An ideal cloning method should require small amounts | |||
of insert and vector DNA, and be cheap, effective, | |||
easily automatable and insensitive to variations in | |||
DNA concentrations [24]. Ligation independent cloning | |||
[15] meets most of these criteria, but we observed | |||
substantial variation in cloning efficiency. Parameters | |||
influencing efficiency are the amount of PCR product, | |||
purity of the PCR product, exact temperature of T4 | |||
DNA polymerase treatment and T4 DNA polymerase | |||
activity differences, caused by enzyme batch variations | |||
and activity loss over time (unpublished results). As a | |||
result, PCR products can be under- or overtreated by | |||
the exonuclease activity of T4 DNA polymerase, which | |||
can significantly influence the cloning efficiency." | |||
See also: | See also: | ||
Line 105: | Line 133: | ||
https://eu.idtdna.com/pages/decoded/decoded-articles/core-concepts/decoded/2012/01/10/isothermal-assembly-quick-easy-gene-construction | https://eu.idtdna.com/pages/decoded/decoded-articles/core-concepts/decoded/2012/01/10/isothermal-assembly-quick-easy-gene-construction | ||
Note that by cutting a vector with two restriction enzymes and using SLIC to insert a sequence, '''the restriction sites may be destroyed.''' Always consider the resulting sequences carefully. | |||
Line 133: | Line 164: | ||
According to [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/10/56 Olieric 2010 (Supplementary material)], "The critical parameter for success is the sequence of the overlap; some constructs work amazingly well, while others do not". | According to [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/10/56 Olieric 2010 (Supplementary material)], "The critical parameter for success is the sequence of the overlap; some constructs work amazingly well, while others do not". | ||
The cause could plausibly be stable secondary structures? | The cause could plausibly be stable secondary structures? Stable secondary structures in the single-stranded DNA will compete with annealing of the fragments. | ||
Quote from Li and Elledge 2007: | Quote from Li and Elledge 2007: | ||
Line 163: | Line 194: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
Two-step SLIC has the advantage that larger amounts of vector can be prepared beforehand, and used in several annealing reactions. | |||
=SEFC/Co-transformation cloning= | =SEFC/Co-transformation cloning= | ||
Line 184: | Line 217: | ||
==RF cloning== | ==RF cloning== | ||
Advantages: | |||
Disadvantages: | |||
*PCR procedure possibly giving higher chance of mutations | |||
Line 196: | Line 236: | ||
http://www.clontech.com/US/Products/Cloning_and_Competent_Cells/Cloning_Kits/Cloning_Kits-HD-Liquid | http://www.clontech.com/US/Products/Cloning_and_Competent_Cells/Cloning_Kits/Cloning_Kits-HD-Liquid | ||
'''Articles related to RF cloning:''' | |||
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" | |||
|- | |||
! Author(s)/year Year !! Comment !! Reference | |||
|- | |||
|van den Ent & Löve 2006:RF cloning: a restriction-free method for inserting target genes into plasmids||Introduction of RF cloning.||http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16480772 | |||
|- | |||
|Unger et al. 2010: Applications of the Restriction Free (RF) cloning procedure for molecular manipulations and protein expression|| ||http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20600952 | |||
|- | |||
|Bond & Naus 2012: RF-Cloning.org: an online tool for the design of restriction-free cloning projects|| ||http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570410 | |||
|- | |||
|Erijman et al. 2011: Transfer-PCR (TPCR): A highway for DNA cloning and protein engineering|| ||http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1047847711001109# | |||
|} | |||
==Topo cloning== | ==Topo cloning== | ||
Line 208: | Line 265: | ||
! Method!! Summary!! Advantages !! Disadvantages !! Time (for assembly from prepared vector and insert) !! Experiences !! Reference | ! Method!! Summary!! Advantages !! Disadvantages !! Time (for assembly from prepared vector and insert) !! Experiences !! Reference | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Conventional (restriction enzymes)||Restriction digestion and ligation|| Predictable || Requires suitable restriction sites in vector || From 3 h to overnight || || | |Conventional (restriction enzymes)||Restriction digestion and ligation|| Predictable. With respect to vector, sequence dependence is limited to a few bp, thus cloning is robust with respect to mutations in the vector. || Time-consuming. Requires restriction digestion of insert and vector followed by ligation. Requires suitable restriction sites in vector. Cloning is subject to sequence limitations in insert (must not contain restriction sites used for cloning). Restriction reaction can be spoiled by contaminating DNA flanked by restriction sites used. || From 3 h to overnight || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Blunt-end ligation||Ligation of blunt-ended fragments||Flexible, does not require specific restriction sites.||10-100x less efficients than cohesive-end ligation. Requires screening of colonies (insertion is non-directional).|| From 3 h to overnight || ||https://eu.idtdna.com/pages/decoded/decoded-articles/core-concepts/decoded/2012/06/15/cloning-strategies-part-3-blunt-end-cloning?c=EU | |Blunt-end ligation||Ligation of blunt-ended fragments||Flexible, does not require specific restriction sites.||10-100x less efficients than cohesive-end ligation. Requires screening of colonies (insertion is non-directional).|| From 3 h to overnight || ||https://eu.idtdna.com/pages/decoded/decoded-articles/core-concepts/decoded/2012/06/15/cloning-strategies-part-3-blunt-end-cloning?c=EU | ||
|- | |- | ||
|TA cloning|| | |TA cloning||Ligation of PCR products with '3 A overhangs into vector with G' overhangs. ||No enzymatic treatment of insert PCR product.||Non-directional || || ||http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11464915 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|LIC||Annealing of fragments with standardized homologous overlaps lackign one nucleotide||Can generate specific overhangs by exonuclease incubation in presence of a single dNTP. Standardized overlaps gives higher predictability(?).||Requires specific sequence in vector||?|| ||[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC332407/pdf/nar00204-0127.pdf Aslanidis & Jong 1990] | |LIC||Annealing of fragments with standardized homologous overlaps lackign one nucleotide||Can generate specific overhangs by exonuclease incubation in presence of a single dNTP. Standardized overlaps gives higher predictability(?).||Requires specific sequence in vector||?|| ||[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC332407/pdf/nar00204-0127.pdf Aslanidis & Jong 1990] | ||
Line 222: | Line 279: | ||
http://www.nature.com/protocolexchange/protocols/170#/procedure | http://www.nature.com/protocolexchange/protocols/170#/procedure | ||
|- | |- | ||
|iPCR ||Annealing of vector and incomplete PCR fragments with homologous overlap ||No | |iPCR ||Annealing of vector and incomplete PCR fragments with homologous overlap ||No enzymatic treatment of insert PCR product. || Low efficiency ||~ 1 h || ||http://www.nature.com/protocolexchange/protocols/171#/main | ||
|- | |- | ||
|PIPE|| || || No enzymes required (except for PCR)|| || ||[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18988020 1],[http://pef.aibn.uq.edu.au/support/material/download/The_Polymerase_Incomplete_%20Primer_Extension-PIPE-Method_Applied_to_High-Throughput_Cloning_and_Site-Directed_Mutagenesis.pdf 2],[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18004753 3],[http://technology.sbkb.org/portal/page/332/ 4],[http://ssgcid.org/home/PUBL_ActaF_03_en5466_Raymond_DesignClonExpr.pdf 5] | |PIPE||Amplification of vector and insert by PCR yields incomplete PCR (iPCR) products which can anneal to each other. || || No enzymes required (except for PCR)|| || ||[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18988020 1],[http://pef.aibn.uq.edu.au/support/material/download/The_Polymerase_Incomplete_%20Primer_Extension-PIPE-Method_Applied_to_High-Throughput_Cloning_and_Site-Directed_Mutagenesis.pdf 2],[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18004753 3],[http://technology.sbkb.org/portal/page/332/ 4],[http://ssgcid.org/home/PUBL_ActaF_03_en5466_Raymond_DesignClonExpr.pdf 5] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| CPEC ||Circularization of linearized vector and insert with homologous overlap || Fast ||Requires linearized vector || ~1h (20 cycle PCR) || ||http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0006441 | | CPEC ||Circularization of linearized vector and insert with homologous overlap || Fast ||Requires linearized vector || ~1h (20 cycle PCR) || ||http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0006441 | ||
Line 242: | Line 299: | ||
|Seamless Enzyme-Free Cloning (SEFC)/co-transformation cloning||Co-transformation of linear insert and vector fragments||Simple, one-step co-transformation of insert and vector. No exonuclease treatment. ||Requires high-efficiency competent cells (>1 × 108 colony-forming units [cfu]/μg DNA) || || ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003269709007180 1] [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/10/56/ 2] | |Seamless Enzyme-Free Cloning (SEFC)/co-transformation cloning||Co-transformation of linear insert and vector fragments||Simple, one-step co-transformation of insert and vector. No exonuclease treatment. ||Requires high-efficiency competent cells (>1 × 108 colony-forming units [cfu]/μg DNA) || || ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003269709007180 1] [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/10/56/ 2] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Transfer PCR||Application of RF-cloning|| || || || ||http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21515384 | |Transfer PCR||Application of RF-cloning for PCR amplification from | ||
an origin vector and subsequent integration of the PCR product | |||
into a recipient vector.|| || || || ||http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21515384 | |||
|} | |} | ||
Line 249: | Line 308: | ||
MASTER ligation: http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/02/26/nar.gkt122.full | MASTER ligation: http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/02/26/nar.gkt122.full | ||
"clonetegration". One-Step Cloning and Chromosomal Integration of DNA: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/sb400021j?utm_content=bufferdcbd0&utm_source=buffer&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=Buffer& | |||
Line 260: | Line 322: | ||
Rapid cloning by homologous recombination in vivo: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC331480/pdf/nar00064-0257.pdf | Rapid cloning by homologous recombination in vivo: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC331480/pdf/nar00064-0257.pdf | ||
Sticky-end PCR: new method for subcloning: http://www.aegis.org/DisplayContent/download.aspx?type=pdf§ionID=343316 | |||
==Cloning strategies== | |||
==Software== | ==Software== | ||
Line 266: | Line 335: | ||
http://bitesizebio.com/articles/should-you-use-calf-intestinal-alkaline-phosphatase-cip-in-plasmid-cloning/ | http://bitesizebio.com/articles/should-you-use-calf-intestinal-alkaline-phosphatase-cip-in-plasmid-cloning/ | ||
http://bioinfo.clontech.com/infusion/convertPcrPrimersInit.do | |||
http://www.escience.ws/b572/L7/L7.htm | |||
=Bibliography= | |||
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0056530 | |||
=Web applications= | |||
https://benchling.com/ |
Latest revision as of 05:35, 4 September 2013
5 Tips on Vector Preparation for Gene Cloning: http://nucleicacids.bitesizebio.com/articles/cloning-tips-vector-prep/
Gateway cloning: http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/145/4/1144.full
http://www.protocol-online.org/biology-forums/cloning.html
Recombineering: http://www.biotec.tu-dresden.de/research/stewart/group-page/recombineering-guide.html
Inverse Fusion PCR cloning: http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0035407
Blunt end ligation:
In-Fusion Cloning primer design tool: http://bioinfo.clontech.com/infusion/convertPcrPrimersInit.do
Commercial kits
Electra Vector system: https://www.dna20.com/products/expression-vectors/electra-system
Reviews
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15489321
Conventional (restriction-ligation) cloning
http://openwetware.org/wiki/IGEM:Harvard/2008/Lab_Notebooks/GenProtocols#Protocol_Notes
http://www.addgene.org/plasmid_protocols/DNA_ligation/
http://www.addgene.org/tools/protocols/cloningprotocol/
Ligation Independent Cloning (LIC)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC332407/pdf/nar00204-0127.pdf
http://bitesizebio.com/articles/get-your-clone-90-of-the-time-with-ligation-independent-cloning/
http://bitesizebio.com/articles/ligation-independent-cloning-primer-design/
Adding RecA may improve yield?
NE-LIC: http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0057943
http://noxtoolbox.autresmondes.eu/LICgenerator1beta/Licfaq.html
http://noxtoolbox.autresmondes.eu/LICgenerator1beta/
If no colonies are achieved, try "quick and dirty" cloning:
http://network.nature.com/groups/natureprotocols/forum/topics/1284
http://www.helmholtz-muenchen.de/fileadmin/PEPF/Protocols/LIC-cloning.pdf
A family of E. coli expression vectors for laboratory scale and high throughput soluble protein production: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/6/12
A Family of LIC Vectors for High-Throughput Cloning and Purification of Proteins: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2771622/
Gibson Assembly
From J5 manual, "The SLIC, Gibson, CPEC and SLiCE assembly methods" (http://j5.jbei.org/j5manual/pages/22.html) :
"SLIC, Gibson, CPEC, and SLiCE are related methods that offer standardized, scarless, (largely) sequence-independent, multi-part DNA assembly".
Also: "Despite their differences in implementation, SLIC, Gibson, CPEC, and SLiCE assembly methods all start with the same starting materials and result in the same final products"
A guide to Gibson Assembly: http://www.synbio.org.uk/dna-assembly/guidetogibsonassembly.html
See also http://openwetware.org/wiki/Gibson_Assembly
NEBs NEBuilder software for Gibson assembly can be used to design primers for Gibson assembly and SLIC: http://nebuilder.neb.com/
In the NEBuilder, the overlaps are designed to achieve a minimum Tm value of 48°C.
Hetero-stagger PCR and Enzyme-Free cloning
Articles related to "hetero-stagger PCR" and "enzyme free cloning" (Conceptually equal to PIPE/iPCR):
Author(s)/year | Comment | Reference |
---|---|---|
Liu 1996: Hetero-stagger cloning: efficient and rapid cloning of PCR products | Generation of related PCR products by using two sets of primers, identical except for a 3bp GGG addition at 5' end in one set. After mixing the PCR products, denaturing and reannealing, a mixed product with CCC overhang is produced, which can be cloned by ligation to a vector with a GGG overhang. | |
Tillett and Neilan 1999: Enzyme-free cloning: a rapid method to clone PCR products independent of vector restriction enzyme sites | Builds on Liu 1996. Both insert and vector is prepared by hetero-stagger PCR and mixed before undergoing denaturation/annealing to give the desired construct. Article is reproduced in part in [PCR Cloning Protocols, 2nd edition. | |
Shih, Y.P., Kung, W.M., Chen, J.C., Yeh, C.H., Wang, A.H. and Wang, T.F. (2002) High-throughput screening of soluble recombinant proteins | Application of "sticky end PCR method" (hetero-stagger PCR) to High-throughput (HTP) cloning. | |
de Jong, R.N., Daniëls, M.A., Kaptein, R. and Folkers,G.E. (2007) Enzyme Free Cloning for high throughput gene cloning and expression. | Combines preparation of insert by hetero-stagger PCR amplification of preparation of vector by exonuclease chewback, applied to HTP cloning. |
de Jong et al. 2007 comments: "An ideal cloning method should require small amounts of insert and vector DNA, and be cheap, effective, easily automatable and insensitive to variations in DNA concentrations [24]. Ligation independent cloning [15] meets most of these criteria, but we observed substantial variation in cloning efficiency. Parameters influencing efficiency are the amount of PCR product, purity of the PCR product, exact temperature of T4 DNA polymerase treatment and T4 DNA polymerase activity differences, caused by enzyme batch variations and activity loss over time (unpublished results). As a result, PCR products can be under- or overtreated by the exonuclease activity of T4 DNA polymerase, which can significantly influence the cloning efficiency."
See also:
http://www.nmr.chem.uu.nl/users/rob/efc.html
http://rnai.genmed.sinica.edu.tw/file/protocol/12_Sticky_end_PCRV2.pdf
SLIC
Enzyme free cloning for high throughput gene cloning and expression. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17295099
Note that by cutting a vector with two restriction enzymes and using SLIC to insert a sequence, the restriction sites may be destroyed. Always consider the resulting sequences carefully.
incomplete PCR (iPCR):
Articles related to LIC/SLIC and homologous recombination:
Author(s)/year Year | Comment | Reference |
---|---|---|
Aslandis & Jong 1990 | Introduction of LIC | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC332407/ |
Bubeck et al. 1993:Rapid cloning by homologous recombination in vivo | http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/15/3601.full.pdf+html | |
Hsiao 1993 | Exonuclease III induced ligase-free directional subcloning of PCR products | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC310601/ |
C Aslanidis, P J de Jong and G Schmitz 1994 | Study on minimal length requirement of SLIC overlaps. Lowest overlap length yielding transformants was 10nt. | http://genome.cshlp.org/content/4/3/172.full.pdf |
Lisa D Cabrita, Weiwen Dai and Stephen P Bottomley 2005 | A family of E. coli expression vectors for laboratory scale and high throughput soluble protein production | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/6/12 |
Li & Elledge 2007 | "Harnessing homologous recombination in vitro to generate recombinant DNA via SLIC." | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17293868 |
2012 | One-step SLIC | http://aem.asm.org/content/78/15/5440.long |
According to Olieric 2010 (Supplementary material), "The critical parameter for success is the sequence of the overlap; some constructs work amazingly well, while others do not".
The cause could plausibly be stable secondary structures? Stable secondary structures in the single-stranded DNA will compete with annealing of the fragments.
Quote from Li and Elledge 2007:
"Excision by the proofreading exonuclease of T4 DNA polymerase has proven to be the most reproducible and easiest to manipulate method for generating 5¢ overhangs. Although much less efficient, iPCR also gives substantial stimulation of transformation. This might be sufficient for routine subcloning purposes, although there is likely to be more variability depending on the completeness of the PCR synthesis"
Protocols for LIC/SLIC and related methods:
http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/supplementary/1472-6750-10-56-s1.doc
Author(s) | Hsiao 1993 | Aslandis & Jong 1990 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Method: | With RecA | Without RecA | With iPCR | Exonuclease III | LIC |
Step 1 | |||||
Step 2 | |||||
Step 3 |
Two-step SLIC has the advantage that larger amounts of vector can be prepared beforehand, and used in several annealing reactions.
SEFC/Co-transformation cloning
Mix 5 μl of purified PCR product (100–300 ng) and 1 μl (50 ng) of the appropriately linearized vector, having 15+ bp homologous overlap, before transformation.
USER
CPEC
GoldenGate
http://j5.jbei.org/j5manual/pages/23.html
Quote from the above: "Perhaps the most significant limitation of the Golden Gate method is that it is less sequence-independent than SLIC/Gibson/CPEC/SLiCE, in the sense that, like BioBrick assembly, the selected type IIs recognition site (e.g. BsaI) should be absent from the internal portions of all of the DNA fragments to be assembled" From the same J5 website (http://j5.jbei.org/j5manual/pages/22.html):
"Since there are no (or very few) re-amplifications of a given template sequence, PCR-derived mutations are not propagated to the same extent as one would anticipate for standard SOEing reactions. Like SLIC and Gibson assembly, CPEC is standardized, scar-less, and largely sequence-independent."
RF cloning
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
- PCR procedure possibly giving higher chance of mutations
Molar ratio calculator: http://www.promega.com/techserv/tools/biomath/calc06.htm?origUrl=http%3a%2f%2fwww.promega.com%2fbiomath%2fcalc06.htm
RF cloning can be used to insert a sequence into a plasmid without removing any of the original plasmid sequence, or to replace a portion of a plasmid with a new sequence. RF cloning is accomplished using two PCR steps. In the first PCR, the sequence to be inserted is amplified (or synthesized) to give a product with the insert sequence flanked by sequences homologous to the plasmid. In the second PCR, the product of the first step is used as a "megaprimer"
To insert a sequence into a plasmid without removing any of the original plasmid sequence, the plasmid-binding regions of the megaprimer should bind to the plasmid directly adjacent of each other, as any sequence in the plasmid between the two primer binding sites will be lost. To replace a portion of a plasmid, the plasmid-binding flanking sequences of the megaprimer must be designed to bind such that they flank the area to be replaced. If RF cloning is used to replace a portion of a plasmid, the new sequence should be about as long as the sequence it is replacing.
http://www.clontech.com/US/Products/Cloning_and_Competent_Cells/Cloning_Kits/Cloning_Kits-HD-Liquid
Articles related to RF cloning:
Author(s)/year Year | Comment | Reference |
---|---|---|
van den Ent & Löve 2006:RF cloning: a restriction-free method for inserting target genes into plasmids | Introduction of RF cloning. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16480772 |
Unger et al. 2010: Applications of the Restriction Free (RF) cloning procedure for molecular manipulations and protein expression | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20600952 | |
Bond & Naus 2012: RF-Cloning.org: an online tool for the design of restriction-free cloning projects | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570410 | |
Erijman et al. 2011: Transfer-PCR (TPCR): A highway for DNA cloning and protein engineering | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1047847711001109# |
Topo cloning
Cloning methods
Method | Summary | Advantages | Disadvantages | Time (for assembly from prepared vector and insert) | Experiences | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conventional (restriction enzymes) | Restriction digestion and ligation | Predictable. With respect to vector, sequence dependence is limited to a few bp, thus cloning is robust with respect to mutations in the vector. | Time-consuming. Requires restriction digestion of insert and vector followed by ligation. Requires suitable restriction sites in vector. Cloning is subject to sequence limitations in insert (must not contain restriction sites used for cloning). Restriction reaction can be spoiled by contaminating DNA flanked by restriction sites used. | From 3 h to overnight | ||
Blunt-end ligation | Ligation of blunt-ended fragments | Flexible, does not require specific restriction sites. | 10-100x less efficients than cohesive-end ligation. Requires screening of colonies (insertion is non-directional). | From 3 h to overnight | https://eu.idtdna.com/pages/decoded/decoded-articles/core-concepts/decoded/2012/06/15/cloning-strategies-part-3-blunt-end-cloning?c=EU | |
TA cloning | Ligation of PCR products with '3 A overhangs into vector with G' overhangs. | No enzymatic treatment of insert PCR product. | Non-directional | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11464915 | ||
LIC | Annealing of fragments with standardized homologous overlaps lackign one nucleotide | Can generate specific overhangs by exonuclease incubation in presence of a single dNTP. Standardized overlaps gives higher predictability(?). | Requires specific sequence in vector | ? | Aslanidis & Jong 1990 | |
SLIC (one-step) | Annealing of fragments with varying homologous overlaps | Fast | Insert should be at least 250 bp. More secondary structures might be present when incubating at room temperature, compared to two-step SLIC and Gibson assembly. | ~30 min | http://aem.asm.org/content/early/2012/05/13/AEM.00844-12 | |
SLIC (two-step) | Annealing of fragments with Homologous overlaps | Fast. Assembly is carried out at higher temperature than one-step SLIC, meaning secondary structures less problematic? | Slower than one-step SLIC | http://www.nature.com/nmeth/journal/v4/n3/abs/nmeth1010.html
http://www.nature.com/protocolexchange/protocols/167#/procedure http://www.nature.com/protocolexchange/protocols/170#/procedure | ||
iPCR | Annealing of vector and incomplete PCR fragments with homologous overlap | No enzymatic treatment of insert PCR product. | Low efficiency | ~ 1 h | http://www.nature.com/protocolexchange/protocols/171#/main | |
PIPE | Amplification of vector and insert by PCR yields incomplete PCR (iPCR) products which can anneal to each other. | No enzymes required (except for PCR) | 1,2,3,4,5 | |||
CPEC | Circularization of linearized vector and insert with homologous overlap | Fast | Requires linearized vector | ~1h (20 cycle PCR) | http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0006441 | |
Gibson Assembly | Annealing of fragments with homologous overlaps. | Relatively fast. Assembly is carried out at higher temperature than SLIC, meaning secondary structures less problematic? | More enzymes required than for SLIC. | http://j5.jbei.org/j5manual/pages/79.html | ||
RF cloning | Addition or substitution of a sequence in a plasmid by PCR | Can use uncut vector as starting material. Can be used to either replace to replace a sequence in the original plasmid with a new one, or insert a new sequence without removing any of the original plasmid sequence. | If the insert shall replace a sequence, the insert and the sequence to be replaced must be of about the same size. (Anectodal. Source?) | ~3h (?) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165022X06000029 | |
Enzyme-free cloning | Another name for PIPE/iPCR | 1,2,3 | ||||
Sucessive Hybridization Assembly (SHA) | In Vitro Assembly of Multiple DNA Fragments Using Successive Hybridization | |||||
MoClo | ||||||
Simple Cloning | PCR Assembly of insert and vector with homologous overlaps. | |||||
Seamless Enzyme-Free Cloning (SEFC)/co-transformation cloning | Co-transformation of linear insert and vector fragments | Simple, one-step co-transformation of insert and vector. No exonuclease treatment. | Requires high-efficiency competent cells (>1 × 108 colony-forming units [cfu]/μg DNA) | 1 2 | ||
Transfer PCR | Application of RF-cloning for PCR amplification from
an origin vector and subsequent integration of the PCR product into a recipient vector.|| || || || ||http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21515384 |
Polymerases: http://oregonstate.edu/instruction/bb492/lectures/DNAI.html
MASTER ligation: http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/02/26/nar.gkt122.full
"clonetegration". One-Step Cloning and Chromosomal Integration of DNA: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/sb400021j?utm_content=bufferdcbd0&utm_source=buffer&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=Buffer&
Use of Phosphatases:
http://molecularbiology.forums.biotechniques.com/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=29738
Older articles
Exonuclease III induced ligase-free directional subcloning of PCR products: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC310601/pdf/nar00072-0249.pdf
Rapid cloning by homologous recombination in vivo: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC331480/pdf/nar00064-0257.pdf
Sticky-end PCR: new method for subcloning: http://www.aegis.org/DisplayContent/download.aspx?type=pdf§ionID=343316
Cloning strategies
Software
http://bioinfo.clontech.com/infusion/convertPcrPrimersInit.do
http://www.escience.ws/b572/L7/L7.htm
Bibliography
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0056530