User:Tkadm30/Notebook/Astrocytes: Difference between revisions

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(New page: === Astrocytic activity promote persistent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. === DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) supplementation enhance synaptic plasticity and cognition by regulating BD...)
 
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=== Astrocytic activity promote persistent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. ===
__TOC__
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) supplementation enhance synaptic plasticity and cognition by regulating BDNF expression and glutamate release from astrocytic metabotropic glutamate receptors. <cite>Wu-2008</cite> <cite>Martin-2011</cite>


Furthermore, BDNF expression may requires Adenosine receptors (A2a) activation to induce long-term potentiation (LTP). <cite>Duster-2014</cite>


Thus, BDNF-induced synaptogenesis is enhanced by DHA supplementation to neurons, while endogenous cannabinoids may
=== Astrocytes mediated synaptic plasticity ===
protect neurons from glutamate excitoxicity and inflammation. <cite>Kim-2013</cite> <cite>Kim-2011</cite>
* http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17099292
* http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12351710
* http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15371507
* http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279365/
* http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3915348/
* http://www.nature.com/tp/journal/v3/n1/full/tp2012136a.html


=== Astrocytic promoters of synaptic plasticity ===
=== Glutamate and astrocytes ===
# DHA conjugate in the hippocampus is N-docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine (DHEA; synaptamide).
* http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18226171
# DHA synthesis is produced by astrocytes from α-linolenic acid (ALA), a polyunsaturated (n-3) fatty acid precursor.
# DHEA subclass is N-acyl ethanolamines (NAE)
 
=== Astrocytes mediate activity-dependent LTP via purinergic signaling receptors ===
# Adenosine and cannabinoids connection
## DHA modulation of ATP response is controlled via the (use-dependent) inhibition of '''ionotropic [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5027 P2X7 receptors]''':
### http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17099292
### http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12351710
# Astrocytes mediated synaptic plasticity :
## http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279365/
## http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3915348/
## http://www.nature.com/tp/journal/v3/n1/full/tp2012136a.html
# Exocytosis of ATP 
## Downregulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission
## P2X7 receptor activation induce exocytosis of ATP <cite>Lalo-2014</cite>
## non-exocytotic glutamate release
## http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15371507

Revision as of 16:32, 27 May 2015


Astrocytes mediated synaptic plasticity

Glutamate and astrocytes

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