Tessa A. Morris Week 2: Difference between revisions

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{{Template:Tessa A. Morris}}
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[[Category:BIOL98-04/S15]]
[[Category:BIOL98-04/S15]]
==Assignment==
[[BIOL398-04/S15:Week 2|'''Week 2 Assignment''']]
==Ten Biological Terms==
#'''Flux''': (Science: radiobiology) The total amount of a quantity passing through a given surface per unit time. Typical quantities include (magnetic) field lines, particles, heat, energy, mass of fluid, etc. Common usage in plasma physics is for flux by itself to mean magnetic field flux, unless specified otherwise. [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Flux Source]
#'''Northern Blot Analysis''': A procedure... used mostly to separate and identify rNA fragments; typically via transferring RNA fragments from an agarose gel to a nitrocellulose filter followed by detection with a suitable probe. [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Northern_blot_analysis Source]
#'''Biosynthesis''': The production of a complex chemical compound from simpler precursors in a living organism, usually involving enzymes (to catalyze the reaction) and energy source (such as ATP) [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Biosynthesis Source]
#'''Assimilation''' The conversion of nutriment into a useable form (e.g. liquid or solid) that is incorporated into the tissues and organs following the processes of digestion; The chemical alteration of substances in the bloodstream by the liver or cellular secretions. [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Assimilation Source]
#'''Dehydrogenase''':enzyme that oxidizes a substrate by transferring hydrogen to an acceptor that is either NAD/NADP or a flavin enzyme. An enzyme that is used to remove hydrogen from its substrate, which is used in the cytochrome (hydrogen carrier) system in respiration to produce a net gain of ATP. [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Dehydrogenase Source]
#'''Permease''': general term for a membrane protein that increases the permeability of the plasma membrane to a particular molecule, by a process not requiring metabolic energy. A type of protein believed to be involved in active transport and acts as a protein carrier. [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Permease Source]
#'''Metabolite''': a chemical compound that is produced or consumed during metabolism. [http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199766444.001.0001/acref-9780199766444-e-4071?rskey=J519gB&result=1 Source]
#'''Metabolism''': the sum of all the physical and chemical processes by which living cells produce and maintain themselves. [http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199766444.001.0001/acref-9780199766444-e-4070?rskey=qPXE5t&result=1 Source]
#'''Synthetase''': catalyse synthesis of molecules, their activity being coupled to the breakdown of a nucleotide triphosphate. [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Synthetase Source]
#'''Transferases''': enzymes that catalyze the transfer of functional groups between donor and acceptor molecules. [http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199766444.001.0001/acref-9780199766444-e-6896?rskey=AkzT9O&result=4 Source]
==Outline==
:I. Overview
::A. The purpose was to investigate if the governing factor of nitrogen metabolism may be the concentration of ammonia rather than its flux
::B. ''Saccharomyce cerevisiae'' was the model organism
::C. The effect of the input of ammonia concentrations ranged from nitrogen limitation to nitrogen excess and glucose limitation
:II. Introduction
::A. Ammonia is a preferred nitrogen source for ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae''
::B. The components of nitrogen metabolism are regulated at both the level of gene expression and the level of enzyme activity
::C. There is evidence saying that ammonia concentration itself plays a part in nitrogen metabolism
:::1. Cultures differ in the external ammonia concentration and in the rate of ammonia assimilation
:::2. Because of the varying parameters it is possible that the flux, rather than the concentration is the governing parameter
:III. Physiological parameters
::A. ''S. cerevisae'' SU32 was grown in continuous cultures with feeds containing the following ammonia concentrations: 29, 44, 61, 66, 78, 90, 96, 114, and 118 mM
::B. The glucose concentration was fixed at 100 mM
::C. The dilution rate was held constant at 0.15 {{nowrap|1=h<sup>-1</sup>}}

Revision as of 21:54, 25 January 2015

Biomathematical Modeling Navigation

User Page: Tessa A. Morris
Course Page: Biomathematical Modeling

Assignment

Week 2 Assignment

Ten Biological Terms

  1. Flux: (Science: radiobiology) The total amount of a quantity passing through a given surface per unit time. Typical quantities include (magnetic) field lines, particles, heat, energy, mass of fluid, etc. Common usage in plasma physics is for flux by itself to mean magnetic field flux, unless specified otherwise. Source
  2. Northern Blot Analysis: A procedure... used mostly to separate and identify rNA fragments; typically via transferring RNA fragments from an agarose gel to a nitrocellulose filter followed by detection with a suitable probe. Source
  3. Biosynthesis: The production of a complex chemical compound from simpler precursors in a living organism, usually involving enzymes (to catalyze the reaction) and energy source (such as ATP) Source
  4. Assimilation The conversion of nutriment into a useable form (e.g. liquid or solid) that is incorporated into the tissues and organs following the processes of digestion; The chemical alteration of substances in the bloodstream by the liver or cellular secretions. Source
  5. Dehydrogenase:enzyme that oxidizes a substrate by transferring hydrogen to an acceptor that is either NAD/NADP or a flavin enzyme. An enzyme that is used to remove hydrogen from its substrate, which is used in the cytochrome (hydrogen carrier) system in respiration to produce a net gain of ATP. Source
  6. Permease: general term for a membrane protein that increases the permeability of the plasma membrane to a particular molecule, by a process not requiring metabolic energy. A type of protein believed to be involved in active transport and acts as a protein carrier. Source
  7. Metabolite: a chemical compound that is produced or consumed during metabolism. Source
  8. Metabolism: the sum of all the physical and chemical processes by which living cells produce and maintain themselves. Source
  9. Synthetase: catalyse synthesis of molecules, their activity being coupled to the breakdown of a nucleotide triphosphate. Source
  10. Transferases: enzymes that catalyze the transfer of functional groups between donor and acceptor molecules. Source

Outline

I. Overview
A. The purpose was to investigate if the governing factor of nitrogen metabolism may be the concentration of ammonia rather than its flux
B. Saccharomyce cerevisiae was the model organism
C. The effect of the input of ammonia concentrations ranged from nitrogen limitation to nitrogen excess and glucose limitation
II. Introduction
A. Ammonia is a preferred nitrogen source for Saccharomyces cerevisiae
B. The components of nitrogen metabolism are regulated at both the level of gene expression and the level of enzyme activity
C. There is evidence saying that ammonia concentration itself plays a part in nitrogen metabolism
1. Cultures differ in the external ammonia concentration and in the rate of ammonia assimilation
2. Because of the varying parameters it is possible that the flux, rather than the concentration is the governing parameter
III. Physiological parameters
A. S. cerevisae SU32 was grown in continuous cultures with feeds containing the following ammonia concentrations: 29, 44, 61, 66, 78, 90, 96, 114, and 118 mM
B. The glucose concentration was fixed at 100 mM
C. The dilution rate was held constant at 0.15 h-1
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