Matthew E. Jurek Week 11

Matthew E. Jurek BIOL398-03/S13

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Biological Terms

1. trehalose- also known as mycose or tremalose, is a natural alpha-linked disaccharide formed by an α,α-1,1-glucoside bond between two α-glucose units.
2. mannoprotein- component of yeast cell walls; protein covalently linked to polymers of mannose.
3. chromatography- the separation of mixtures into their constituents by preferential adsorption by a solid, as a column of silica (column chromatography) or a strip of filter paper (paper chromatography) or by a gel.
4. immunoprecipitation- the separation of an antigen from a solution by the formation of a large complex with its specific antibody.
5. catabolite- a product of catabolic action.
6. kinetics- the branch of mechanics that deals with the actions of forces in producing or changing the motion of masses.
7. ceramides- ceramides are a family of lipid molecules. A ceramide is composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid.
8. orthologue- one of two or more homologous gene sequences found in different species.
9. ergosterol- a compound present in ergot and many other fungi. A steroid alcohol, it is converted to vitamin D2 when irradiated with ultraviolet light.
10. transcriptome- the transcriptome is the set of all RNA molecules, including mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, and non-coding RNA produced in one or a population of cells.

via Biology Online Dictionary

Acclimation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Low Temperature: A Chemostat-based Transcriptome Analyis

Tai et al. (2007) Acclimation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Low Temperature: A Chemostat-based Transcriptome Analysis. Molecular Biology of the Cell 18: 5100–5112.

1. Introduction
   • On the cellular level, yeast responds in a number of ways to temperature changes (temps outside the 25-30 degree C optimum).
   • Temperatures below the optimum range slow cellular processes.
   • Effects of low temperature depend on exposure time
   • Sudden exposure results in adaptaion
   • Prolonged exposure results in acclimation
   • Previous studies have focused on cold shock (sudden exposure) and found 2 phases of cold-shock response
   • Current low-temp transcriptome databases contain major discrepancies
   • Previous studies have focused on batch culutures: hard to distinguish temp effects on transcription from effects of specific growth rate
   • Chemostat cultures allow for control of specific growth rate independent of culture conditions such as metabolites, pH, and oxygen availability.
   • Overall Goal: Focus on genome-wide transcriptional regulation by exploring steady-state acclimatized growth of yeast at low temps
2. Materials and Methods
   • Haploid strain CEN.PK113-7D was grown at both 12 and 30 degrees C, anaerobically, in a chemostat
   • The chemstat contained a dilution rate of .03/h, pH of 5.0 and stirrer speed of 600rpm.
   • The cultures were contained in a synthetic medium that limited either carbon or nitrogen. Every other requirement was in excess.
   • Each growth condition consisted of 3 independent replicates.
   • Microarray data was analyzed using Fisher's exact test with a Bonferroni correction in order to acheive a p value threshold of .01.
   • This data was then compared to previously published low-temperature transcriptome datasets.