Lidstrom:Electroporation - Revision history

Janet B. Matsen: /* Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress) */

Janet B. Matsen — Sun, 31 Mar 2013 14:54:39 GMT

Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress)

←Older revision		Revision as of 14:54, 31 March 2013
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	==Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress)==		==Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress)==
-	* Grow cells in LB (+ antibiotics, often)	+	* More details are found here [[Lidstrom:Competent_Cell_Preparation\|Competent Cell Preparation]] but the basic idea is as follows:
-	* Wash 2 times with sterile, ice-cold 10% glycerol	+	** Grow cells in LB (+ antibiotics, often)
-	* Resuspend in 10% glycerol	+	** Wash 2 times with sterile, ice-cold 10% glycerol
-	** Concentrate up to 500 times relative to culture volume.	+	** Resuspend in 10% glycerol
-	* Aliquot into sterilized eppendorf tubes	+	*** Concentrate up to 500 times relative to culture volume.
-	* Flash freeze with liquid N2 and store at -80oC	+	** Aliquot into sterilized eppendorf tubes
		+	** Flash freeze with liquid N2 and store at -80oC

	==Preparing Cuvettes==		==Preparing Cuvettes==

Janet B. Matsen: /* Transformig cells */

Janet B. Matsen — Wed, 20 Feb 2013 17:55:09 GMT

Transformig cells

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:55, 20 February 2013
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	** We haven't had much success with this yet.		** We haven't had much success with this yet.

-	== Transformig ~~cells~~ ==	+	== Transformig E. coli ==
	* Add 1-10 μL of DNA source (see guide above) to the electrocompetent cells, swirl the tip gently in the culture to mix, and incubate on ice block for one minute.		* Add 1-10 μL of DNA source (see guide above) to the electrocompetent cells, swirl the tip gently in the culture to mix, and incubate on ice block for one minute.
	* Working quickly, transfer the contents of the aliquot into the center of the gap of an ice-cold electrocuvette from the freezer, and then place the electrocuvette in the electroporator. Check that the electroporator is set to deliver 1.8 kV, and then press both of the orange buttons to deliver a pulse. The display will show "Ch 9" and eventually beep; release buttons when you hear this beep.		* Working quickly, transfer the contents of the aliquot into the center of the gap of an ice-cold electrocuvette from the freezer, and then place the electrocuvette in the electroporator. Check that the electroporator is set to deliver 1.8 kV, and then press both of the orange buttons to deliver a pulse. The display will show "Ch 9" and eventually beep; release buttons when you hear this beep.
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	* Incubate tube transformed cells at 37°C for 30-60 minutes.		* Incubate tube transformed cells at 37°C for 30-60 minutes.
	** Klavins lab does 30 - 45 min; our lab usually does 45 - 60 min.		** Klavins lab does 30 - 45 min; our lab usually does 45 - 60 min.
-	* put plate in ~~37oC~~ incubator with agar side up overnight	+	* put plate in 37°C incubator with agar side up overnight

	== Alternate transformation protocol: when your DNA concentration is LOW ==		== Alternate transformation protocol: when your DNA concentration is LOW ==

Janet B. Matsen: /* Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress) */

Janet B. Matsen — Wed, 20 Feb 2013 17:54:16 GMT

Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress)

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:54, 20 February 2013
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	==Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress)==		==Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress)==
	* Grow cells in LB (+ antibiotics, often)		* Grow cells in LB (+ antibiotics, often)
-	* Wash 2 times with sterile 10% glycerol	+	* Wash 2 times with sterile, ice-cold 10% glycerol
	* Resuspend in 10% glycerol		* Resuspend in 10% glycerol
	** Concentrate up to 500 times relative to culture volume.		** Concentrate up to 500 times relative to culture volume.

Janet B. Matsen at 18:42, 16 November 2012

Janet B. Matsen — Fri, 16 Nov 2012 18:42:07 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:42, 16 November 2012
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	[[Image:BioRadCuvettes.png\|thumb\|upright=1.4]]		[[Image:BioRadCuvettes.png\|thumb\|upright=1.4]]

		+
		+	==Resources==
		+	* [http://www.mfa.od.ua/page61.htm background with references]
	*[http://www.bio-rad.com/webroot/web/movies/lsr/support/Gene_Pulser_Xcell.htm BioRad Movie] about electroporation. Though it is made for a different machine than we have, the principles are applicable.		*[http://www.bio-rad.com/webroot/web/movies/lsr/support/Gene_Pulser_Xcell.htm BioRad Movie] about electroporation. Though it is made for a different machine than we have, the principles are applicable.

Janet B. Matsen: /* Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress) */

Janet B. Matsen — Fri, 16 Nov 2012 18:41:18 GMT

Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress)

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:41, 16 November 2012
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	* Wash 2 times with sterile 10% glycerol		* Wash 2 times with sterile 10% glycerol
	* Resuspend in 10% glycerol		* Resuspend in 10% glycerol
-	** ~~If 50 mL of cells were used, ~ 2 mL is a reasonable~~ volume.	+	** Concentrate up to 500 times relative to culture volume.
	* Aliquot into sterilized eppendorf tubes		* Aliquot into sterilized eppendorf tubes
	* Flash freeze with liquid N2 and store at -80oC		* Flash freeze with liquid N2 and store at -80oC

Janet B. Matsen: /* Sterilizing cuvettes for reuse */

Janet B. Matsen — Tue, 02 Oct 2012 19:06:32 GMT

Sterilizing cuvettes for reuse

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:06, 2 October 2012
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	* Don't leave them in a bleach solution. Don't leave them in water. They will rust, increasing the probability of arcing.		* Don't leave them in a bleach solution. Don't leave them in water. They will rust, increasing the probability of arcing.
-	[[image:electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution.jpg\|thumb\|center\|electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution: white ~~flecs~~ are oxidized material]]	+	[[image:electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution.jpg\|thumb\|center\|electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution: white flecks are oxidized material]]

	== How much DNA do I use?==		== How much DNA do I use?==

Janet B. Matsen: /* Sterilizing cuvettes for reuse */

Janet B. Matsen — Tue, 02 Oct 2012 19:06:09 GMT

Sterilizing cuvettes for reuse

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:06, 2 October 2012
Line 29:		Line 29:

	* Don't leave them in a bleach solution. Don't leave them in water. They will rust, increasing the probability of arcing.		* Don't leave them in a bleach solution. Don't leave them in water. They will rust, increasing the probability of arcing.
-	[[image:electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution.jpg\|thumb\|center\|electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution]]	+	[[image:electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution.jpg\|thumb\|center\|electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution: white flecs are oxidized material]]

	== How much DNA do I use?==		== How much DNA do I use?==

Janet B. Matsen: /* Sterilizing cuvettes for reuse */

Janet B. Matsen — Tue, 02 Oct 2012 19:04:42 GMT

Sterilizing cuvettes for reuse

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:04, 2 October 2012
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	It seems that the cuvettes rust when left to soak in solution, increasing their rate of arcing.		It seems that the cuvettes rust when left to soak in solution, increasing their rate of arcing.
	''Note:'' most cuvettes are made from plastic that will melt. Do not autoclave.		''Note:'' most cuvettes are made from plastic that will melt. Do not autoclave.
		+
		+	* Don't leave them in a bleach solution. Don't leave them in water. They will rust, increasing the probability of arcing.
		+	[[image:electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution.jpg\|thumb\|center\|electroporation cuvette soaked in bleach solution]]

	== How much DNA do I use?==		== How much DNA do I use?==

Janet B. Matsen: /* Transformig cells */

Janet B. Matsen — Tue, 25 Sep 2012 00:23:04 GMT

Transformig cells

←Older revision		Revision as of 00:23, 25 September 2012
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	** Klavins lab does 30 - 45 min; our lab usually does 45 - 60 min.		** Klavins lab does 30 - 45 min; our lab usually does 45 - 60 min.
	* put plate in 37oC incubator with agar side up overnight		* put plate in 37oC incubator with agar side up overnight
		+
		+	== Alternate transformation protocol: when your DNA concentration is LOW ==
		+	From Rob Egbert/Klavins Lab: Transformation of diluted competent cell aliquots for low-efficiency constructs
		+	* This protocol can be necessary when performing oligo assembly or other high-complexity Gibson assembly reactions. The general idea is to purify the product of the Gibson assembly reaction using a PCR purification column, which removes enzymes and salts, and to transform the purified product in high volume (5 to 10 uL) to diluted cell aliquots.
		+	*PCR Purification of Gibson assembly reaction
		+	**Follow PCR purification protocol to purify the Gibson assembly reaction. Elute in 30 uL molecular grade H2O.
		+	*Dilute competent cell stock
		+	**Dilute the 40 uL competent cell aliquot to 160 uL by adding 120 uL ice-cold water, then split the culture into four tubes (40 uL each). It is often easiest to work with 8- or 12-well strip tubes with the aluminum blocks to keep the cells cold and accessible. Add 5-10 uL source DNA from the PCR purification.
		+	*Transformation
		+	**Transform each diluted cell aliquot in the electroporator. Resuspend each cell aliquot in 250 uL LB and incubate at an appropriate temperature for the cell strain (often 37 C). Spread all 250 uL on an appropriate selective LB agar plate using sterile glass beads.

	== Misc ==		== Misc ==

Janet B. Matsen: New page: Back to Protocols *Electroporation is chosen when you need higher efficiency of transformation, or when you want to try transforming multiple plasmids at once. ** ...

Janet B. Matsen — Mon, 24 Sep 2012 20:59:14 GMT

New page: Back to Protocols *Electroporation is chosen when you need higher efficiency of transformation, or when you want to try transforming multiple plasmids at once. ** ...

New page

Back to [[Lidstrom:Protocols|Protocols]]

*Electroporation is chosen when you need higher efficiency of transformation, or when you want to try transforming multiple plasmids at once.
** It is often difficult to get multiple plasmids in at once.

==Preparing Electrocompetent Cells (in progress)==
* Grow cells in LB (+ antibiotics, often)
* Wash 2 times with sterile 10% glycerol
* Resuspend in 10% glycerol
** If 50 mL of cells were used, ~ 2 mL is a reasonable volume.
* Aliquot into sterilized eppendorf tubes
* Flash freeze with liquid N2 and store at -80oC

==Preparing Cuvettes==

=== Chosing Cuvettes ===
* We bought these: [http://www.coleparmer.com/Product/Sterile_Electroporation_Cuvette_1_mm_gap_width_white_cap_50_pack/EW-25714-00 these] (7/24/2012) but are likely to switch to [http://www.bulldog-bio.com/cuvettes.html these].
** Originally, we wanted autoclavable cuvettes, however, it seems that ethanol sterilization is effective.

==== Sterilizing cuvettes for reuse ====
The cuvettes should be washed for reuse. If washed properly, they can be reused up to 10 times. For each cuvette, do the following while waiting for the cells to recover:
# Squirt 95% ethanol to fill cuvette more than halfway. Add cap and invert cuvette a few times to disinfect it. Pour out in waste receptacle.
# Wash cuvette three times with DI H2O using squeeze bottle and dump water into sink.
# Squirt 95% ethanol in the cuvette, add the cap, and let it sit for an hour or overnight.
# Pour out ethanol and place in UV hood to dry.
# Store in freezer for next use
It seems that the cuvettes rust when left to soak in solution, increasing their rate of arcing.
''Note:'' most cuvettes are made from plastic that will melt. Do not autoclave.

== How much DNA do I use?==
* Use 1 uL of Gibson assembly
** If you want to use more, do a PCR cleanup to remove salts, etc.
* plasmid miniprep: 100 pg (1/2 uL or less is usually sufficient)
* multiple plasmids at once: 5 ng each.
** We haven't had much success with this yet.

== Transformig cells ==
* Add 1-10 μL of DNA source (see guide above) to the electrocompetent cells, swirl the tip gently in the culture to mix, and incubate on ice block for one minute.
* Working quickly, transfer the contents of the aliquot into the center of the gap of an ice-cold electrocuvette from the freezer, and then place the electrocuvette in the electroporator. Check that the electroporator is set to deliver 1.8 kV, and then press both of the orange buttons to deliver a pulse. The display will show "Ch 9" and eventually beep; release buttons when you hear this beep.
** Rob Egbert & the Klavins lab use 1.25 kV
* Again, working quickly, remove the electrocuvette from the electroporator and add 1/2 - 1 mL of room-temperature LB to it, pipetting up and down several times to extract the cells from the 1 mm gap.
* Transfer entire contents of electrocuvette back to the tube.
* Check and record the discharge time constant (units are in milliseconds).
** 4-5 seconds is good.
* Incubate tube transformed cells at 37°C for 30-60 minutes.
** Klavins lab does 30 - 45 min; our lab usually does 45 - 60 min.
* put plate in 37oC incubator with agar side up overnight

== Misc ==
*settings for E. Coli recommended by BioRad customer support:
** brown-caped 1 mm gap tubes:
*** 1.8 kV, 200 Ohms, 25 uF.
** green-capped 2 mm cuvette: (in case you don't have brown cuvettes ready)
***2.5 to 3.0 KV, 200 Ohms, 25 uF
* Alternately, add ~950 uL ice cold [[SOC| SOC media]] to cuvette after shocking
* Optional: after shocking, chill sample on ice for 2 mins to permit the cells to recover.
* Optional: plate transformation onto prewarmed LB-agar plate supplemented with appropriate antibiotic. I generally plate 200μL but appropriate plating volume depends on efficiency of the transformation.
*Leave remaining SOC-cell mixture on the benchtop overnight.
**If you don't have any transformants, plate the rest of the transformation in the morning.
*Note: you will usually get plenty of colonies by using TB (not SOC media, not chilling cuvettes, not icing sample after applying voltage, not pre-warming plates.
* When choosing the # of vials and cuvettes, you can include 2 vials for two negative controls (one with no DNA added, and another with only cut vector added).
*Cuvette types: (see pic on right)

[[Image:BioRadCuvettes.png|thumb|upright=1.4]]

*[http://www.bio-rad.com/webroot/web/movies/lsr/support/Gene_Pulser_Xcell.htm BioRad Movie] about electroporation. Though it is made for a different machine than we have, the principles are applicable.