LauraTerada Individual Journal Assignment Week 3

• Laura Terada
• BIOL398-03/S13:Week 3

Term Definitions

1. Permease: "General term for a membrane protein that increases the permeability of the plasma membrane to a particular molecule, by a process not requiring metabolic energy." [[1]]
2. Dehydrogenase: "Enzyme that oxidizes a substrate by transferring hydrogen to an acceptor that is either NAD/NADP or a flavin enzyme. An enzyme that is used to remove hydrogen from its substrate, which is used in the cytochrome (hydrogen carrier) system in respiration to produce a net gain of ATP." [[2]]
3. PUT4: A gene for a proline-specific permease, found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [[3]]
4. GAP1: A gene for a general amino acid permease, found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [[4]]
5. Histidinol dehydrogenase: Catalyzes the reaction: L-histidinol + NAD+ = L-histidine + NADH + H+; it has a molecular function [[5]]
6. Oligonucleotides: "Polymers made up of a few (2-20) nucleotides. In molecular genetics, they refer to a short sequence synthesised to match a region where a mutation is known to occur, and then used as a probe (oligonucleotide probes)." [[6]]
7. Glutamate: "Major fast excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system." [[7]]
8. Glutamine: "A crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins; important in protein metabolism.One of the 20 amino acids that are commonly found in proteins." [[8]]
9. Alpha-ketoglutarate: One of the molecules in the 8-step citric acid cycle. Isocitrate undegoes oxidative decarboxylation to get alpha ketoglutarate to form succinyl coA. Source: Nelson, David L., and Michael M. Cox. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. 5th ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. Print.
10. Gram-negative bacteria: "A common class of bacteria normally found in the gastrointestinal tract that can be responsible for disease in man (sepsis). Bacteria are considered to be gram-negative because of their characteristic staining properties under the microscope, where they either do not stain or are decolourised by alcohol during grams method of staining. This is a primary characteristic of bacteria that have a cell wall composed of a thin layer of peptidoglycan covered by an outer membrane of lipoprotein and lipopolysaccharide containing endotoxin. The gram staining characteristics of bacteria have resulted in an important classification system for the identification of bacteria."[[9]]