Elizabeth Polidan Week3: Difference between revisions
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Elizabeth Polidan
BIOL 398.03 / MATH 388
- Loyola Marymount University
- Los Angeles, CA, USA
Vocabulary
- Permease
- (Science: enzyme) general term for a membrane protein that increases the permeability of the plasma membrane to a particular molecule, by a process not requiring metabolic energy. Reference: http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Permease
- Allosteric inhibition
- See allosteric Enzyme. Inhibitors act as 'modulators' in enzyme execution as they can attach themselves to a molecule that will alter the binding Site for the enzyme, rendering it unusable and therefore rendering the enzyme inactive. Reference: http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Allosteric_Inhibitors
- Northern analysis
- A procedure similar to the southern blot analysis, used mostly to separate and identify rNA fragments; typically via transferring RNA fragments from an agarose gel to a nitrocellulose filter followed by detection with a suitable probe. Reference: http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Northern_blot_analysis
Article Outline
- What is the main result presented in this paper?
- What is the importance or significance of this work?
- What were the limitations in previous studies that led them to perform this work?
- Methods
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae was grown in cultures with continuous feed
- Incoming concentrations of ammonia were varied from a low of 29 milimoles per liter (mM) to a high of 118 mM.
- Incoming concentrations of glucose were all held at 100 mM
- The dilution rate was 0.15/hour
- Physiological parameters were monitor to determine the state of the yeast in the system
- Biomass was measured in grams/liter
- Residual ammonia was measured mM
- Ammonia flux was calculated from resulting biomass, input ammonia concentration and residual ammonia concentration: NH4 flux = (diluation rate x (incoming ammonia concentration – residual ammonia concentration)/biomass)
- Oxygen consumption was measured in mM per gram biomass per hour (mM/g/h)
- Carbon Dioxide production was measured in mM/g/h
- Respiratory quotient was calculated as (CO2 produced/O2 consumed)
- Measured alpha-ketoglutarate at varying ammonia concentration
- Measured glutamate at varying ammonia concentration
- Measured glutamine at varying ammonia concentration
- Northern analysis
- Measured RNA to determine if levels varied with ammonia concentration in nitrogen regulated genes
- GAP1, PUT4 – permease-encoding
- ILV5, HIS4 – biosynthetic
- Xxx
- Measured RNA to determine if levels varied with ammonia concentration in nitrogen regulated genes
- Enzyme activities
- xxx
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae was grown in cultures with continuous feed
- Briefly state the result shown in each of the figures.
- What do the X and Y axes represent?
- How were the measurements made?
- What trends are shown by the plots and what conclusions can you draw from the data?
- What is the overall conclusion of the study and what are some future directions for research?