Codon table: Difference between revisions

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==Codon table==
Codon tables describe how the triplet codon of RNA (or DNA) is read by specific tRNAs to map to a particular [[Amino acids|amino acid]].  Many organisms use the Standard Codon Table, shown below.
 
Comprehensive information about codon usage in different organisms can be found at the [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Utils/wprintgc.cgi NCBI Taxonomy site]
 
 
==Standard Codon table==


<table id="Table 1" border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
<table id="Table 1" border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
Line 5: Line 10:
<tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan=1 colspan=1></td>
<td rowspan=1 colspan=1></td>
<th><tt><nowiki>T</nowiki></tt></th>
<th><tt>U</tt></th>
<th><tt><nowiki>C</nowiki></tt></th>
<th><tt>C</tt></th>
<th><tt><nowiki>A</nowiki></tt></th>
<th><tt>A</tt></th>
<th><tt><nowiki>G</nowiki></tt></th>
<th><tt>G</tt></th>
</tr>
</tr>


<tr>
<tr>
<th><tt><nowiki>T</nowiki></tt></th>
<th><tt>U</tt></th>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>TTT Phe  </nowiki></tt> '''F''' [[Phenylalanine]]<br />
<tt>UUU Phe  </tt> '''<tt>F'''</tt> [[Phenylalanine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TTC Phe  </nowiki></tt> '''F''' [[Phenylalanine]]<br />
<tt>UUC Phe  </tt> '''<tt>F'''</tt> [[Phenylalanine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TTA Leu  </nowiki></tt> '''L''' [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt>UUA Leu  </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TTG Leu  </nowiki></tt> '''L''' [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt>UUG Leu  </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>TCT Ser  </nowiki></tt> '''S''' [[Serine]]<br />
<tt>UCU Ser  </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TCC Ser  </nowiki></tt> '''S''' [[Serine]]<br />
<tt>UCC Ser  </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TCA Ser  </nowiki></tt> '''S''' [[Serine]]<br />
<tt>UCA Ser  </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TCG Ser  </nowiki></tt> '''S''' [[Serine]]<br />
<tt>UCG Ser  </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>TAT Tyr  </nowiki></tt> '''Y''' [[Tyrosine]]<br />
<tt>UAU Tyr  </tt> '''<tt>Y'''</tt> [[Tyrosine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TAC Tyr  </nowiki></tt> '''Y''' [[Tyrosine]]<br />
<tt>UAC Tyr  </tt> '''<tt>Y'''</tt> [[Tyrosine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TAA Ochre</nowiki></tt> (''Stop'')<br />
<tt>UAA Ochre</tt> (''Stop'')<br />
<tt><nowiki>TAG Amber</nowiki></tt> (''Stop'')<sup>3</sup><br />
<tt>UAG Amber</tt> (''Stop'')<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>TGT Cys  </nowiki></tt> '''C''' [[Cysteine]]<br />
<tt>UGU Cys  </tt> '''<tt>C'''</tt> [[Cysteine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TGC Cys  </nowiki></tt> '''C''' [[Cysteine]]<br />
<tt>UGC Cys  </tt> '''<tt>C'''</tt> [[Cysteine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>TGA Opal </nowiki></tt> (''Stop'')<sup>2</sup><br />
<tt>UGA Opal </tt> (''Stop'')<br />
<tt><nowiki>TGG Trp  </nowiki></tt>'''W''' [[Tryptophan]]<br />
<tt>UGG Trp  </tt> '''<tt>W'''</tt> [[Tryptophan]]<br />
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>


<tr>
<tr>
<th><tt><nowiki>C</nowiki></tt></th>
<th><tt>C</tt></th>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>CTT Leu  </nowiki></tt> '''L''' [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt>CUU Leu  </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CTC Leu  </nowiki></tt> '''L''' [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt>CUC Leu  </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CTA Leu  </nowiki></tt> '''L''' [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt>CUA Leu  </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CTG Leu  </nowiki></tt> '''L''' [[Leucine]]<br />
<tt>CUG Leu  </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>CCT Pro  </nowiki></tt> '''P''' [[Proline]]<br />
<tt>CCU Pro  </tt> '''<tt>P'''</tt> [[Proline]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CCC  Pro  </nowiki></tt> '''P''' [[Proline]]<br />
<tt>CCC  Pro  </tt> '''<tt>P'''</tt> [[Proline]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CCA  Pro  </nowiki></tt> '''P''' [[Proline]]<br />
<tt>CCA  Pro  </tt> '''<tt>P'''</tt> [[Proline]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CCG  Pro  </nowiki></tt> '''P''' [[Proline]]<br />
<tt>CCG  Pro  </tt> '''<tt>P'''</tt> [[Proline]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>CAT His  </nowiki></tt> '''H''' [[Histidine]]<br />
<tt>CAU His  </tt> '''<tt>H'''</tt> [[Histidine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CAC  His  </nowiki></tt> '''H''' [[Histidine]]<br />
<tt>CAC  His  </tt> '''<tt>H'''</tt> [[Histidine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CAA  Gln  </nowiki></tt> '''Q''' [[Glutamine]]<br />
<tt>CAA  Gln  </tt> '''<tt>Q'''</tt> [[Glutamine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CAG  Gln  </nowiki></tt> '''Q''' [[Glutamine]]<br />
<tt>CAG  Gln  </tt> '''<tt>Q'''</tt> [[Glutamine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>CGT Arg  </nowiki></tt> '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt>CGU Arg  </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CGC  Arg  </nowiki></tt> '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt>CGC  Arg  </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CGA  Arg  </nowiki></tt> '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt>CGA  Arg  </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>CGG  Arg  </nowiki></tt> '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt>CGG  Arg  </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>


<tr>
<tr>
<th><tt><nowiki>A</nowiki></tt></th>
<th><tt>A</tt></th>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>ATT Ile  </nowiki></tt> '''I''' [[Isoleucine]]<br />
<tt>AUU Ile  </tt> '''<tt>I'''</tt> [[Isoleucine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>ATC Ile  </nowiki></tt> '''I''' [[Isoleucine]]<br />
<tt>AUC Ile  </tt> '''<tt>I'''</tt> [[Isoleucine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>ATA Ile  </nowiki></tt> '''I''' [[Isoleucine]]<br />
<tt>AUA Ile  </tt> '''<tt>I'''</tt> [[Isoleucine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>ATG Met  </nowiki></tt> '''M''' [[Methionine]], ''Start''<br />
<tt>AUG Met  </tt> '''<tt>M'''</tt> [[Methionine]], ''Start''<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>ACT Thr  </nowiki></tt> '''T''' [[Threonine]]<br />
<tt>ACU Thr  </tt> '''<tt>T'''</tt> [[Threonine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>ACC  Thr  </nowiki></tt> '''T''' [[Threonine]]<br />
<tt>ACC  Thr  </tt> '''<tt>T'''</tt> [[Threonine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>ACA  Thr  </nowiki></tt> '''T''' [[Threonine]]<br />
<tt>ACA  Thr  </tt> '''<tt>T'''</tt> [[Threonine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>ACG  Thr  </nowiki></tt> '''T''' [[Threonine]]<br />
<tt>ACG  Thr  </tt> '''<tt>T'''</tt> [[Threonine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>AAT Asn  </nowiki></tt> '''N''' [[Asparagine]]<br />
<tt>AAU Asn  </tt> '''<tt>N'''</tt> [[Asparagine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>AAC  Asn  </nowiki></tt> '''N''' [[Asparagine]]<br />
<tt>AAC  Asn  </tt> '''<tt>N'''</tt> [[Asparagine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>AAA  Lys  </nowiki></tt> '''K''' [[Lysine]]<br />
<tt>AAA  Lys  </tt> '''<tt>K'''</tt> [[Lysine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>AAG  Lys  </nowiki></tt> '''K''' [[Lysine]]<br />
<tt>AAG  Lys  </tt> '''<tt>K'''</tt> [[Lysine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>AGT Ser  </nowiki></tt> '''S''' [[Serine]]<br />
<tt>AGU Ser  </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>AGC  Ser  </nowiki></tt> '''S''' [[Serine]]<br />
<tt>AGC  Ser  </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>AGA  Arg  </nowiki></tt> '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt>AGA  Arg  </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>AGG  Arg  </nowiki></tt> '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br />
<tt>AGG  Arg  </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>


<tr>
<tr>
<th><tt><nowiki>G</nowiki></tt></th>
<th><tt>G</tt></th>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>GTT Val  </nowiki></tt> '''V''' [[Valine]]<br />
<tt>GUU Val  </tt> '''<tt>V'''</tt> [[Valine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GTC Val  </nowiki></tt> '''V''' [[Valine]]<br />
<tt>GUC Val  </tt> '''<tt>V'''</tt> [[Valine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GTA Val  </nowiki></tt> '''V''' [[Valine]]<br />
<tt>GUA Val  </tt> '''<tt>V'''</tt> [[Valine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GTG Val  </nowiki></tt> '''V''' [[Valine]]<br />
<tt>GUG Val  </tt> '''<tt>V'''</tt> [[Valine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>GCT Ala  </nowiki></tt> '''A''' [[Alanine]]<br />
<tt>GCU Ala  </tt> '''<tt>A'''</tt> [[Alanine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GCC  Ala  </nowiki></tt> '''A''' [[Alanine]]<br />
<tt>GCC  Ala  </tt> '''<tt>A'''</tt> [[Alanine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GCA  Ala  </nowiki></tt> '''A''' [[Alanine]]<br />
<tt>GCA  Ala  </tt> '''<tt>A'''</tt> [[Alanine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GCG  Ala  </nowiki></tt> '''A''' [[Alanine]]<br />
<tt>GCG  Ala  </tt> '''<tt>A'''</tt> [[Alanine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>GAT Asp  </nowiki></tt> '''D''' [[Aspartic acid]]<br />
<tt>GAU Asp  </tt> '''<tt>D'''</tt> [[Aspartic acid]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GAC  Asp  </nowiki></tt> '''D''' [[Aspartic acid]]<br />
<tt>GAC  Asp  </tt> '''<tt>D'''</tt> [[Aspartic acid]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GAA  Glu  </nowiki></tt> '''E''' [[Glutamic acid]]<br />
<tt>GAA  Glu  </tt> '''<tt>E'''</tt> [[Glutamic acid]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GAG  Glu  </nowiki></tt> '''E''' [[Glutamic acid]]<br />
<tt>GAG  Glu  </tt> '''<tt>E'''</tt> [[Glutamic acid]]<br />
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
<tt><nowiki>GGT Gly  </nowiki></tt> '''G''' [[Glycine]]<br />
<tt>GGU Gly  </tt> '''<tt>G'''</tt> [[Glycine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GGC  Gly  </nowiki></tt> '''G''' [[Glycine]]<br />
<tt>GGC  Gly  </tt> '''<tt>G'''</tt> [[Glycine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GGA  Gly  </nowiki></tt> '''G''' [[Glycine]]<br />
<tt>GGA  Gly  </tt> '''<tt>G'''</tt> [[Glycine]]<br />
<tt><nowiki>GGG  Gly  </nowiki></tt> '''G''' [[Glycine]]<br />
<tt>GGG  Gly  </tt> '''<tt>G'''</tt> [[Glycine]]<br />
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>

Latest revision as of 16:47, 15 December 2010

Codon tables describe how the triplet codon of RNA (or DNA) is read by specific tRNAs to map to a particular amino acid. Many organisms use the Standard Codon Table, shown below.

Comprehensive information about codon usage in different organisms can be found at the NCBI Taxonomy site


Standard Codon table

U C A G
U

UUU Phe F Phenylalanine
UUC Phe F Phenylalanine
UUA Leu L Leucine
UUG Leu L Leucine

UCU Ser S Serine
UCC Ser S Serine
UCA Ser S Serine
UCG Ser S Serine

UAU Tyr Y Tyrosine
UAC Tyr Y Tyrosine
UAA Ochre (Stop)
UAG Amber (Stop)

UGU Cys C Cysteine
UGC Cys C Cysteine
UGA Opal (Stop)
UGG Trp W Tryptophan

C

CUU Leu L Leucine
CUC Leu L Leucine
CUA Leu L Leucine
CUG Leu L Leucine

CCU Pro P Proline
CCC Pro P Proline
CCA Pro P Proline
CCG Pro P Proline

CAU His H Histidine
CAC His H Histidine
CAA Gln Q Glutamine
CAG Gln Q Glutamine

CGU Arg R Arginine
CGC Arg R Arginine
CGA Arg R Arginine
CGG Arg R Arginine

A

AUU Ile I Isoleucine
AUC Ile I Isoleucine
AUA Ile I Isoleucine
AUG Met M Methionine, Start

ACU Thr T Threonine
ACC Thr T Threonine
ACA Thr T Threonine
ACG Thr T Threonine

AAU Asn N Asparagine
AAC Asn N Asparagine
AAA Lys K Lysine
AAG Lys K Lysine

AGU Ser S Serine
AGC Ser S Serine
AGA Arg R Arginine
AGG Arg R Arginine

G

GUU Val V Valine
GUC Val V Valine
GUA Val V Valine
GUG Val V Valine

GCU Ala A Alanine
GCC Ala A Alanine
GCA Ala A Alanine
GCG Ala A Alanine

GAU Asp D Aspartic acid
GAC Asp D Aspartic acid
GAA Glu E Glutamic acid
GAG Glu E Glutamic acid

GGU Gly G Glycine
GGC Gly G Glycine
GGA Gly G Glycine
GGG Gly G Glycine

1The codon ATG both codes for methionine and serves as an initiation site: the first ATG in an mRNA's coding region is where translation into protein begins.
2UGA can also code for selenomethionine: the twenty-first amino acid, discovered in 1986.
3UAG can also code for pyrrolysine: the twenty-second amino acid, discovered in 2002.