Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project

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   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/e/ec/LogoKashiwa.png" onmouseover="this.src='http://openwetware.org/images/7/7a/Logo2Kashiwa.png'" onclick="this.src='http://openwetware.org/images/1/1d/Logo2.5.png'" onmouseout="this.src='http://openwetware.org/images/e/ec/LogoKashiwa.png'" height="80px" width="120px" name="def"></a>
   </li>
   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">PROJECT</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Background</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Motivation</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project#3" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Project Goals</span></a></li>
     </ul>
   </li>
   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Trial" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">&nbsp;EARLY TRIAL&nbsp;</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Trial#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Design</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Trial#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Approaches</span></a></li>
     </ul>
   </li>
   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Design" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">DESIGN</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Design#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">The Receptor</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Design#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">The Motor</span></a></li>
     </ul>
   </li>
   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Highlights" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">&nbsp;EXPERIMENT&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Highlights" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Highlights</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Receptor" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">The Receptor</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Motor" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">The Motor</span></a></li>
     </ul>
   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Discussion" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;DISCUSSION&nbsp;</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Discussion#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Achievements</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Discussion#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Future</span></a></li>
     </ul>
   </li>
   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Protocols" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">PROTOCOL</span></a>
   </li>
   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Team" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">TEAM</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Team#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Members</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Team#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Sponsors</span></a></li>
     </ul>
   </li>
 </font>
 </ul>

</div> <br> <br> <br> <div class="page-back"><a href="#top"> <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/2/2a/Top1.gif" onmouseover="this.src='http://openwetware.org/images/f/f0/Top2.gif'" onmouseout="this.src='http://openwetware.org/images/2/2a/Top1.gif'" height="150px"/></a></div> </head>

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<body> <a name="1"></a> <font face="Futura,Arial,Frutiger" font size="24px">PROJECT</font> <br> <br> <h1 class="title"><a name="background"> Background</a></h1> <p class="paragraph">Cancer is a group of diseases which are characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells that invades tissues and organs in our body; leading to death in some cases. It is one of the most dangerous diseases, causing about 13 percent of human’s death in the world. In our country, Japan, one out of three people get cancer and half of them die.</p> <br> <font style="font-size:30px;">How can we fight against cancer?</font> <br> <br> <p class="paragraph">There are multiple treatments for cancer disease; surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are major remedies.

Above all, the most popular one is chemotherapy. It uses chemical substances, anti-cancer drug, to kill cancer cells and it is the single systemic therapy in the three major cancer remedies. Chemotherapy, however, can cause serious side effects because anti-cancer drug attacks to normal cells as well as cancer cells. In order to solve this problem, drug delivery system (DDS) has been studied enthusiastically.</p>

<br> <font style="font-size:30px;">What is "DDS"?</font> <br> <br> <p class="paragraph">DDS is a general term for the various ways to deliver drugs selectively to tumors, not to normal cells. Though DDS is an amazing invention of treatments for cancer, it still has some demerits; one of them is that it cannot always deliver drugs to the place where we expected, because movements of drug carriers mainly depend on the diffusion in blood vessels.</p> <a name="2"> </a> <br> <br> <br> <h1 class="title"><a name="background"> Motivation</a></h1> <br> <font style="font-size:30px;">"Let’s design a self moving carrier!"</font> <br> <br> <p class="paragraph">In order to overcome the pre-stated demerit, we decided to build a vessel which moves by not only diffusion but also its internal force; like a ship swims around in the sea by its motor.</p> <br> <font style="font-size:30px;">"But how can we move a carrier?"</font> <br> <br> <p class="paragraph">Facing this difficult problem, we believed we can get an idea from an actual cell in a human body. A dendritic cell, an antigen-presenting cell of the mammalian immune system, moves in a body by migration. The cell has spines which are small actin-rich protrusions; by remodeling (polymerizing and depolymerizing) actin filaments inside, it can change shape and migrate.</p> <p class="paragraph">So that is it! We planned to develop an actin-like monomer (named “Motor-Monomer”) that polymerizes on one end and depolymerizes on the other end to allow mobilization, just as actin filaments in dendritic cells do. We put the Motor-Monomers into a liposome which the Receptor was connected as a starter switch. This Receptor recognizes the outside signal and emits the Polymerization Initiator so that the Motor-Monomers grow to the Motor-Polymer and a liposome starts patrolling a body to find cancer markers.</p> <p class="paragraph">As we modeled this polymerizing-in-a-liposome system on a dendritic immune cell, we named it "Polymeric and Liposomal Immune Cell (PoLICe)."</p> <a name="3"></a> <br> <br> <br> <h1 class="title"><a name="Goals"> Project Goals</a></h1> <p class="paragraph">The goal we set to achieve during the summer is to build a self patrolling cell, PoLICe. To win this goal, we planned three main steps.</p> <p class="paragraph">First, we need to develop a sensing system which works as a starter switch of the Motor, so that we can control moving-timing when it is put into a body. In order to achieve the system, we planned to design the following Receptor: It is connected to a liposome and when recognizing the outside signal it emits a substance which leads the Motor-Monomers to be the Motor-Polymer. (We call the substance “Polymerization Initiator”; actually it is not the polymerization but it is more convenient.) </p> <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/7/7c/Project-1.png" width="440px"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/0/05/Project-2.png" width="440px"> <p class="paragraph">Second, we need to develop a moving system which works as the Motor of the PoLICe. In order to achieve the system, we planned to design the following Motor-Monomers: They catch the Polymerization Initiator and get remodeling to the Motor-Polymer, also the remodeling should be scheduled to polymerize on one end and depolymerize on the other end of the Motor-Polymer.</p> <p class="paragraph">Finally, we need to connect two systems with each other and assay to verify it is surely a PoLICe.</p>

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Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project

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