Biomod/2013/Todai: Difference between revisions

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Cancer is one of the most common diseases in the world, causing about 13 percent of the all human deaths worldwide (WHO 2007). Chemotherapy is a popular medical treatments for the cancer, however, it often attacks normal cells in addition to the cancer cells, leading severe side effects. Recently the drug delivery system (DDS) has been developed to improve cancer-specificity, but it isn't easy to optimize delivery system for each drug.
Cancer is one of the most common diseases in the world. Chemotherapy is a popular treatment for cancer, however, it attacks normal cells in addition to cancer cells, causing severe side effects in some cases. Recently drug delivery system (DDS) has developed to improve cancer-specificity, but it is difficult to optimize delivery system for each drug.  
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Here, we propose a <b>“drug delivery system (DDS) free"</b> anti-cancer drug: <span style="color:#e00000;">cancer-specific pore-forming DNA origami drug</span>. Inspired by a toxin produced by an animal and a mechanism existing in the human immune system, we designed DNA origami subunit, which coordinately kills a cell. The process of killing is as follows. 1) Subunits stick in the cell membrane with cholesterol site. 2) Then they oligomerize so that they form a pore on the membrane. 3) This pore disrupts the phospholipid bilayer of the cells, inducing cell lysis and death of the cancer cell. Furthermore, recent advancement of DNA nanotechnology, allowing our DNA drug to compute in <i>in situ</i>, may improve the cancer-specificity.
Here, we tried to make a prototype of <span style="color:#e00000">oligomeric cancer specific pore-forming DNA origami</span>, termed  <span style="color:#e00000"><b>Oligomeric Cell Killer (OCK)</b></span>, which might be a side effects free anti-cancer drug.
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  Our general idea can be divided into two steps, <span style="color:#e00000">cancer-recognition</span> and <span style="color:#e00000">killing</span>. Since DNA computing circuit for recognition has already reported, we set our summer goal of the biomod 2013 <span style="color:#e00000">to develop pore-forming DNA origami for the killing system</span>.  
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In Japan meeting for biomod 2013, we will report the interaction between DNA nanostructures and cell membrane and several methods for oligomerizing.
OCKs exist in a monomeric form in solution and penetrate into the cell randomly. Cancer specific molecules on the membrane of cancer cell trigger the oligomerization of OCK, resulting in the pore-forming and <span style="color:#e00000">subsequent death of cancer cell</span>. In contrast, the OCKs keep monomeric form in the normal cell, allowing <span style="color:#e00000">the normal cell to keep alive</span>.
Our study might be the basis for cancer specific drug.  
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   <h1 class="title"><a name="Oligomeric Cell Killer">&nbsp;Oligomeric Cell Killer</a></h1>
    <p class="paragraph">Team Todai nanORFEVRE tried to make cancer-specific pore-forming DNA origami drug.</p>
   <p class="paragraph">We named this DNA nanostructure "Oligomeric Cell Killer".</p>  
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Cancer is one of the most common diseases in the world. Chemotherapy is a popular treatment for cancer, however, it attacks normal cells in addition to cancer cells, causing severe side effects in some cases. Recently drug delivery system (DDS) has developed to improve cancer-specificity, but it is difficult to optimize delivery system for each drug.

  </p>
   <br>
 <p class="paragraph">

Here, we tried to make a prototype of <span style="color:#e00000">oligomeric cancer specific pore-forming DNA origami</span>, termed <span style="color:#e00000"><b>Oligomeric Cell Killer (OCK)</b></span>, which might be a side effects free anti-cancer drug.

  </p>
  <br>
 <p class="paragraph">

OCKs exist in a monomeric form in solution and penetrate into the cell randomly. Cancer specific molecules on the membrane of cancer cell trigger the oligomerization of OCK, resulting in the pore-forming and <span style="color:#e00000">subsequent death of cancer cell</span>. In contrast, the OCKs keep monomeric form in the normal cell, allowing <span style="color:#e00000">the normal cell to keep alive</span>.

Our study might be the basis for cancer specific drug. 
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