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| | <div id="Container"> | | <div id="Container"> |
| | | | |
| - | <!-- Menu --> | + | <h1>Project</h1> |
| - | <ul id="menu">
| + | |
| - | <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/Tohoku/Team_Sendai ">Top</a></li>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Idea ">Project</a></li>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Simulation">Simulation</a>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Design">Design</a>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Experiment ">Experiment</a>
| + | |
| - | <ul>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Method">Method</a>
| + | |
| - | <ul>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Result#Porter">Porter</a>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Result#Cylinder">Cylinder</a> </li>
| + | |
| - | <li> <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Result# Vesicle">Vesicle</a>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | </ul>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Result">Result</a>
| + | |
| - | <ul>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Result#Porter">Porter</a>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Result#Cylinder">Cylinder</a> </li>
| + | |
| - | <li> <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Result# Vesicle">Vesicle</a>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | </ul>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | </ul>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Achievement">Achievement</a>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Diary">Diary</a>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/Team ">Team</a>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | <li>
| + | |
| - | <a href=" http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2012/TeamSendai/FAQ">FAQ</a>
| + | |
| - | </li>
| + | |
| - | </ul>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | <!--目次 -->
| + | |
| - | <div id="mokuji">
| + | |
| - | <h2>Contents</h2>
| + | |
| - | <ol>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href="#Numerical Calculation for Electric Potential">Electric Potential Numerical Calculation</a></li>
| + | |
| - | <ol>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href="#Model">Model</a></li>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href="#">Results</a></li>
| + | |
| - | </ol>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | <li><a href="#MD Simulation">MD Simulation</a></li>
| + | |
| - | <ol>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href="#DNA Model">DNA Model</a></li>
| + | |
| - | <ol>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href="#Results">Results</a></li>
| + | |
| - | </ol>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | <li><a href="#Comparison of capture ability">Comparison of capture ability</a></li>
| + | |
| - | <ol>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href="#Results">Results</a></li>
| + | |
| - | </ol>
| + | |
| - | <li><a href="#Reference">Reference</a></li>
| + | |
| - | </ol>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | </ol>
| + | |
| - | </div>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| | <p> | | <p> |
| - | <br><br> | + | Our project is to create a new designable channel with a high selectivity and activity. We named the channel; Cell Gate. (Cell Gateが出てくるのが唐突だと思う) We make the Cell Gate of DNA. |
| | + | </p> |
| | | | |
| - | | + | <h1>Why do we use DNA?</h1> |
| - | | + | |
| - | </p>
| + | |
| - | <a name="Numerical Calculation"></a><h2>Numerical Calculation</h2>
| + | |
| | <p> | | <p> |
| - | | + | ・自然界にあるチャネルは(タンパク質でできていて?)人間の手で作り変えたりして自在に扱うということは難しい。だから、デザインが可能でsiRNAなどの生体分子と相互作用を持つDNAを使って、チャネルを作ることができれば、チャネル設計(?)の幅が広がるというようなことをまとめていただけると…。(タンパク質とDNAの対比表とか対比図があるとわかりやすい) |
| - | A phosphodiester bond make up the backbone of each helical strand of DNA. <br>
| + | |
| - | The phosphate groups in the phosphodiester bond are negatively-charged.<br>
| + | |
| - | Because gate is produced by DNA, we can not ignore the influence of the Coulomb force.<br>
| + | |
| - | So we calculate the electric potential near the gate.
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| | </p> | | </p> |
| | | | |
| - | <a name="Model"></a><h2>Model</h2> | + | <h1>How do we penetrate the Gate to membrane?</h1> |
| | + | <img src=" http://openwetware.org/images/e/e6/Format_gate_no_tukikata_project.jpg " alt="coreste&tutu " align="left" width="450px" height="290px" > |
| | <p> | | <p> |
| - | <br>
| + | Lipidと親和性のあるコレステロールを使えばいいということを面白おかしく論理的に説明. |
| - | Sets the coordinates as follows.<br>
| + | どのように貫通するかなど。</br> |
| - | | + | (画像はプレゼン用のを拝借したので修正必要。特にHexagonalとかsmall tube とか。絵自体もまだまだ分かりやすくできそうな気が。数式みたいな絵じゃなく、もっと動きのあるものに(アニメーションにしろというわけではない)) |
| - | <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/9/90/Cy.png" width="350px" height="300px"> | + | <br clear="left"> |
| - | <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/6/66/Lin.jpg" width="420px" height="300px"><br>
| + | |
| - | <br><br><br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | Point-charge model is used.<br>
| + | |
| - | Assumesd the phosphate groups negative charge,and<br>
| + | |
| - | negative charge circles the axis of the double helix once every 10.4 base pairs like DNA.<br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | And we use follow fomula to calculate electric potential.<br><br>
| + | |
| - | Debye–Hückel equation<br>
| + | |
| - | <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/e/ec/Potential_fomula.png" width="300px" height="90px"><br>
| + | |
| - | <br>
| + | |
| - | Debye length<br>
| + | |
| - | <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/f/f9/Debyelen.png" width="400px" height="250px"><br><br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | Add all potential by negative charge DNA which compose gate have.<br>
| + | |
| - | (used C language to output the numbers)<br><br>
| + | |
| - | <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/4/45/Helix.gif" width="500px" height="290px"><br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | Condition<br>
| + | |
| - | Temperature 298[K]<br>
| + | |
| - | Na+ 50mM<br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/f/fc/Add2.png" width="500px" height="180px"><br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | | + | |
| | </p> | | </p> |
| | | | |
| - | <a name="Results"></a><h2>Results</h2> | + | <h1>穴開けただけでチャネル(細胞膜間輸送?)って呼べるの?</h1> |
| | <p> | | <p> |
| - | <br>
| + | クーロン力があるから物質だだ漏れにはならない。Gateの内部にDNAの一本鎖並べて、DNAの特異性を利用することで、狙いの分子だけを、一本鎖DNAとの結合エネルギーポテンシャルの坂道に乗せることができる。その一本鎖DNAの列をPoaterと呼ぶことにする。PorterがCellGateのエンジン。みたいなことをうまくまとめる。ここでPorterの説明を終えるつもりで。画像に関してはとりあえず津沢のポテンシャルエネルギーのグラフは必須。 |
| - | Electric potential changing z-axis at x-axis and y-axis is 0.<br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/0/09/1014x0y0potential.png" width="620px" height="450px"><br>
| + | |
| - | the length of the gate is 88bp, 30nm.
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | Target base pair 25 を点電荷と仮定する
| + | |
| | </p> | | </p> |
| | | | |
| - | | + | <h1>クーロン力があるならGateに近づけないんじゃない?</h1> |
| - | <a name="MD Simulation"></a><h2>MD Simulation</h2> | + | |
| | <p> | | <p> |
| - | We carried out molecular dynamics simulation to examine the the mechanism and
| + | Porterの一番目を伸ばせばいいみたいなことをキャッチ―な図とともに。筒井さんのシミュレーション映像を貼る。 |
| - | the effectiveness of our structure “Cell Gate”.
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| | </p> | | </p> |
| | | | |
| - | <a name="DNA Model"></a><h2>DNA Model</h2> | + | <h1>私たちが実験で目指したもの</h1> |
| | + | <img src=" http://openwetware.org/images/c/c8/Format_cell_gate.jpg " alt="hybrid graph" align="left" width="465px" height="315px" > |
| | <p> | | <p> |
| - | For simplicity, course-grained DNA model is used in our simulation. <br>
| + | ここで初めてMembrane登場? 細胞のモデルとして使っただけ?本物の細胞どうして使わなかったのかという疑問が生まれそう。何かいい理由はないものか。画像はプレゼン用のやつそのままなので改善の余地あり |
| - | One DNA nucleotide is represented by one bead in the model and each bead can be<br>
| + | |
| - | hybridized with complementary bead.<br>
| + | |
| - | <<モデル載せる>><br><br>
| + | |
| - | The potential energy of the system includes 5 distinct contributions.<br>
| + | |
| - | <<ポテンシャル載せる>><br><br><br>
| + | |
| - | The first three terms are intramolecular interactions , bonds , bond angles, and<br>
| + | |
| - | dihedral angles. In order to express “tether like structure”, only bond interactions<br>
| + | |
| - | are active in our DNA model.<br>
| + | |
| - | And the latter two are non-bonded interactions. Coulomb interactions are taken into<br>
| + | |
| - | account using the Debye-Huckel approximation which enables to internalize<br>
| + | |
| - | counterions contribution.<br>
| + | |
| - | Constants of these potentials are achieved from references.<br>
| + | |
| - | The force on bead i is given by a Langevin equation<br><br><br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | Langevin equation<br><br>
| + | |
| - |
| + | |
| - | <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/1/11/Langevin.png" width="220px" height="80px"><br><br>
| + | |
| - | <img src="http://openwetware.org/images/2/23/F%3D.png" width="150px" height="80px"><br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | The first term donates a conservative force derived from the potential U and the<br>
| + | |
| - | second is a viscosity dependent friction.<br>
| + | |
| - | The third term is a white Gaussian noise and effects of solvent molecules are<br>
| + | |
| - | internalized in this term.<br>
| + | |
| - | Langevin equation is integrated using a Velocity-Verlet method.<br><br><br>
| + | |
| - | Toehold displacement of dsDNA<br>
| + | |
| - | In order to test predictive capability of the model, here we carried out a simulation<br>
| + | |
| - | of Toehold displacement between two strands.<br>
| + | |
| - | Length of strands and simulation situation was as follows.<br><br>
| + | |
| - | Target strand/Toehold A/Toehold B : 25nt / 9nt (+10nt spacer) / 13nt (+10nt
| + | |
| - | spacer)<br>
| + | |
| - | Temperature : 300K<br>
| + | |
| - | Time-step size / simulation length : 0.01ps / 100ns<br>
| + | |
| - | Ion concentration : 50mM Na+<br><br>
| + | |
| - | results<br>
| + | |
| - | <<後ほど>>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| | </p> | | </p> |
| | | | |
| - | <a name="Comparison of capture ability"></a><h2>Comparison of capture ability</h2> | + | <br clear="left"> |
| - | <p>
| + | |
| - | One of constructional features of our structure ”Cell-Gate” is the use of new strand
| + | |
| - | displacement method.<br>
| + | |
| - | By comparing our selector strand and a toehold strand, the most popular method for<br>
| + | |
| - | strand displacement, we show the effectiveness our structure in terms of capture
| + | |
| - | ability.<br><br><br>
| + | |
| - | Model and Method<br>
| + | |
| - | According to the design of experiment section, we designed models as below of the<br>
| + | |
| - | selector strand and the toehold strand.<br>
| + | |
| - | <<モデル載せる>><br><br><br>
| + | |
| - | Hex-cylinder is represented as the assembly of electrically-charged mass points<br>
| + | |
| - | fixed on the field.<br>
| + | |
| - | <<モデル載せる>><br><br><br>
| + | |
| - | Simulation was carried out at the following condition.<br>
| + | |
| - | Temperature : 300K<br>
| + | |
| - | Ion concentration : Na+ 50mM<br>
| + | |
| - | Box size : 20nm×20nm×20nm (periodic boundary condition)<br>
| + | |
| - | Time-step size / simulation length : 0.01ps / 10ns<br>
| + | |
| - | Results<br>
| + | |
| - | <<後ほど>><br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| | </p> | | </p> |
| | | | |
| - | <a name="Reference"></a><h2>Reference</h2> | + | <h1>Application in future</h1> |
| | <p> | | <p> |
| - | 1. Thomas A. Knotts et al. A coarse grain model of DNA , J.Chem.Phys
| + | あんなことやこんなことに使えるというのを図入りで。 |
| - | 126,084901(2007)<br>
| + | |
| - | 2. Carsten Svaneborg et al. DNA Self-Assembly and Computation Studied with a
| + | |
| - | Coarse-Grained Dynamic Bonded Model, DNA 18,LNCS 7433, pp.123-134,
| + | |
| - | 2012<br>
| + | |
| - | 3. Xhuysn Guo & D.Thirumalai, Kinetics of Protein Folding: Nucleation
| + | |
| - | Mechanism, Time Scales, and Pathways, Biopolymars, Vol.36, 83-102 (1995)<br>
| + | |
| - | 4. GROMACS manual ()<br>
| + | |
| - | 5. Cafemol manual ( http://www.cafemol.org/ )<br>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| | </p> | | </p> |
| - |
| |
| | </div> | | </div> |
| | | | |
| | </body> | | </body> |
| | </html> | | </html> |