BioSysBio:abstracts/2007/James Brown

=Navigational Control of Bacteria= The Design, Test & Modelling of a synthetic chemotactic biological system

Author(s): James Brown Affiliations: University of Cambridge - Department of Engineering / Department of Plant Science Contact:email: jrb62@cam.ac.uk Keywords: 'e.coli' 'navigation' 'chemotaxis' 'control'

Technical Abstract
Synthetic Biology is a rapidly developing field, which sees engineering principles applied to biological systems. Here I focus on chemotaxis, the natural directed motion of a micro-organism toward environmental conditions it deems attractive, with the aim to demonstrate navigational control over bacteria.

Initially my study focused on the internal mechanism behind the sensory system of E. coli and it’s ability to preferentially swim toward attractants that constitutes chemotaxis. Traditional assays such as swarm plates and the new field of microfluidics were examined with a view to developing a test assay for engineered strains. A review of previous stochastic and deterministic methods for the computational modelling of chemotaxis highlighted the stochastic simulator StochSim and the associated spatial modeller AgentCell as likely starting points for the modelling work that would later be adapted to the chosen maltose system.

Discovery of the periplasmic binding-proteins revealed a possible method for exhibiting control which was far more attractive than attempting to interfere with the closely regulated and highly evolved internal workings of the natural system. Maltose was identified as a starting point for such work and the investigation progressed to consider placing the essential maltose-binding protein (MBP) under external control.

The re-engineering of the natural chemotaxis system was ultimately achieved by cloning of three engineered E. coli strains with the critical MBP-encoding malE gene knocked-out. It was later successfully demonstrated on both the macro and micro scale.

The simulator StochSim was modified from the typical aspartate system to reflect the maltose regulon. The importance of the maltose-binding protein was considered through a series of simulations that examined the dependence on the amount of MBP and the system’s response to various step changes in concentration.

This proved to be a valid model, with simulated data for the adaptation time to a saturating maltose concentration closely matching experimental data. The dependence of chemotacric response on MBP also appeared to follow the documented experimental case.

The full Masters thesis concerning this work can be found [here]: